Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

At least four types of endocrine-like cells have been detected histochemically in the mucosa of the human colon and rectum, i.e. argentaffin cells storing 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) and non-argentaffin cells reacting with glucagon, somatostatin and bovine pancreatic peptide (BPP) antibodies. Ultrastructurally, four main types and three rare types of endocrine-like cells have been identified. Among the former cells were: (1) argentaffin EC1 cells, known to store 5HT and substance P, (2) poorly argyrophil L cells, corresponding to the glucagon-immunoreactive cells storing enteroglucagon or glucagon-like immunoreactivity (GLl), (3) inconstantly argyrophil F-like cells, possibly corresponding to BPP-immunoreactive cells, and (4) fairly argyrophil H cells of unknown function. Rare D cells, corresponding to somatostatin cells, N cells, corresponding to neurotensin cells, and P cells, of unknown function, have been also found.
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PMID:Types of endocrine cells in the human colon and rectum. 69 14

Endocrine cell types in 12 argentaffin and six argyrophil carcinoids and in nonneoplastic epithelia of the appendix vermiformis were investigated histochemically, immunohistochemically, and ultrastructurally. The nonneoplastic epithelia contained serotonin (Ser), peptide YY (PYY), glicentin (Gli), neurotensin (Neu), and somatostatin (So) cells in decreasing frequency. Out of 30 nonneoplastic Ser cells examined ultrastructurally, 28 cells were EC1 cells and two were non-EC cells. Eleven of 12 argentaffin carcinoids could be immunostained with anti-Ser serum and all of those 11 were composed almost totally of Ser cells. One of the 11 contained a small number of Neu cells. Ultrastructurally, 11 argentaffin carcinoids were composed predominantly of EC1 and/or ECn cells, and one was composed primarily of non-EC cells. Out of the six argyrophil carcinoids, five were argyrophil, non-argentaffin carcinoids; three consisted almost totally of PYY cells; one consisted of 60% PYY cells, 40% So cells and a few Gli cells; and one consisted of Ser cells alone. Ultrastructurally, the first four of those tumors were composed of D1 and/or L cells and the latter tumor was composed of ECn cells. The remaining one argyrophil carcinoid contained a few Ser-positive argentaffin cells and consisted almost totally of ECn cells which were found in both parts, with and without argentaffinity. It is concluded that the appendiceal carcinoids comprise two distinct groups on the basis of the main constituting cell type: Ser-positive, argentaffin carcinoids, composed of EC cells and peptide (especially of PYY)-positive, and Ser-negative, argyrophil non-argentaffin carcinoids of D1 and/or L cells.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies of twelve argentaffin and six argyrophil carcinoids of the appendix vermiformis. 219 76

An argentaffin carcinoid tumour of the caecum which contained serotonin (167 micrograms/g) and consisted predominantly of EC1-cells, was analysed for the presence of peptides using immunohistochemical, biochemical and pharmacological methods. A very high content of 3.9 micrograms/g of immunoreactive substance P was found. The distribution of cells staining positively for substance P matched that of cells containing serotonin. While some immunoreactive somatostatin (3.2 ng/g) was present in the tumour, neurotensin, glucagon, gastrin, and motilin were not found. Part of the substance P immunoreactivity measured most likely represents authentic substance P: it behaved like substance P in two chromatographic systems and in two bioassays, and its activity on the guinea pig ileum was abolished by specific tachyphylaxis towards substance P.
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PMID:Substance P in the argentaffin carcinoid of the caecum: biochemical and biological characterization. 616 90