Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have recently obtained encouraging short-term results after a single subcutaneous injection of the long-acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 in acromegalic patients. Increased growth hormone (GH) levels may be involved in the pathogenesis of proliferative retinopathy in type I diabetes mellitus. In this study we thus investigated the effect of 3 X 50 micrograms SMS 201-995 daily on the metabolic control and hormone secretion of eight type I diabetics over a 3-day period. GH levels decreased by 32% (p less than 0.05) and somatomedin C levels by 31% (p less than 0.01) on the 3rd day of treatment compared with a control day. The insulin requirements during conventional subcutaneous insulin therapy were reduced by 28% (p less than 0.01) in seven patients without deterioration of metabolic control (mean blood glucose levels, 153.8) versus 154.7 mg/dl). Triiodothyronine, thyroxine, glucagon, prolactin, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone showed no significant changes. We conclude that SMS 201-995 could be an excellent tool for further clinical investigation and therapy of diabetic vascular complications.
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PMID:Somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 in type I diabetes mellitus. Initial experience after repeated administration. 287 2

A non-neoplastic syndrome of inappropriate secretion of TSH (ITSHS) was diagnosed in a hemithyroidectomized and clinically euthyroid 44-yr-old man, who also exhibited limping (Perthes' disease), genu valgum, pes supinatus and lateral nystagmus. Computed tomography demonstrated an enlarged sella turcica due to empty sella. Baseline serum T3, T4, free T3, free T4 and TSH fluctuated between 179 and 274 ng/dl, 6.0 and 13.2 micrograms/dl, 4.2 and 6.0 pg/ml, 7.6 and 15.3 pg/ml, and 4.3 and 33.0 microU/ml, respectively. Serum alpha-TSH subunit was repeatedly normal (0.36-0.69 ng/ml) over the follow-up period (greater than 3 yr). No changes in serum liver enzymes and lipids were observed after thyroid hormone administration, whereas red blood cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) and urinary OH-proline were slightly enhanced during 120 micrograms/day L-T3 regimen. This also resulted in an inappropriately normal glucagon-stimulated cAMP levels. Tachycardia was experienced only during L-T3 and very high L-T4 dose treatments. Therefore, the patient showed some evidence for thyroid hormone peripheral refractoriness. Patient's TSH was physiologically responsive to agents (thyrotropin releasing hormone, methimazole, the dopamine antagonists domperidone and sulpiride) known to elicit its release into circulation, while it responded paradoxically to those which normally inhibit TSH secretion. In fact, the infusion of somatostatin (320 micrograms/h) or dopamine (4 micrograms/Kg/min), and the oral administration of bromocriptine or nomifensine (two dopamine agonists) or corticosteroids (dexamethasone) provoked an unexpected elevation of both unstimulated and TRH-stimulated TSH levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Abnormal daily periodicity of serum thyrotropin (TSH) and evidence for defective TSH suppression in a case of non-neoplastic syndrome of inappropriate TSH secretion. 358 59

The hypothalamic peptides thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which have been postulated as acting as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-releasing hormone in amphibians, were tested for their activity by employing a recently developed radioimmunoassay for bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) TSH. CRF markedly stimulated the release of TSH from both adult and larval bullfrog pituitary cells. Both TRH and GnRH moderately stimulated the release of TSH from adult pituitary cells but not from larval ones. The release of TSH was also enhanced by bullfrog hypothalamic extracts. The hypothalamic extract-evoked release of TSH was markedly reduced by a CRF receptor antagonist, suggesting that CRF and/or CRF-related peptides are the main TSH-releasing factors occurring in the bullfrog hypothalamus. Experiments using CRF receptor agonists and antagonists revealed that CRF acts through the type 2 receptor. With regard to other hypothalamic substances that influence the release of TSH, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide were found to be potent stimulators and somatostatin an inhibitor of TSH release. Thus, it becomes clear that the main regulatory peptides controlling TSH secretion in amphibians are different from those in mammals. Triiodothyronine did not affect the basal release of TSH from the pituitary of either larval or adult bullfrogs but suppressed the CRF-induced release of TSH, suggesting that negative feedback by thyroid hormone is functioning both in larvae and adults.
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PMID:Neuroendocrine regulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion in amphibians. 1945 47