Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Resection of the small bowel can lead to malabsorption of fluid, electrolytes, minerals, and other essential nutrients, resulting in malnutrition and dehydration. Individualized and tailored nutritional management for patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) helps to optimize intestinal absorption, leading to nutritional independence such that a patient can resume as normal a lifestyle as possible. Parenteral nutrition (PN), used to supply the required nutrients following resection, is associated with a number of complications affecting patient morbidity and mortality. Attempts should be made to wean patients from PN to an oral diet as soon as possible. Dietary management is complex and needs to be individualized for each patient on the basis of his or her specific gastrointestinal anatomy, underlying disease, and lifestyle. In addition to nutrient intake, management of SBS also requires appropriate oral rehydration, vitamin and mineral supplementation, and pharmacotherapy. Several medications provide a useful adjunctive function to dietary intervention, including antidiarrheal agents, H2 antagonists and proton pump inhibitors, pancreatic enzymes, somatostatin analogs, antimicrobials, and trophic factors.
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PMID:Dietary and medical management of short bowel syndrome in adult patients. 1677 Jan 67

This article reports on the clinical practice guidelines developed by a multidisciplinary group working on the indications and uses of the various available treatment options for relieving intestinal obstruction or its symptoms in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. These guidelines are based on a literature review and expert opinion. The recommended strategy involves a clinical and radiological evaluation, of which CT of the abdomen is a crucial component. The results, together with an analysis of the prognostic criteria, are used to determine whether surgery or stenting is the best option. In most patients, however, neither option is feasible, and the main emphasis, therefore, is on the role and administration of various symptomatic medications such as glucocorticoids, antiemetic agents, analgesics, and antisecretory agents (anticholinergic drugs, somatostatin analogues, and proton-pump inhibitors). Nasogastric tube feeding is no longer used routinely and should instead be discussed on a case-by-case basis. Recent studies have confirmed the efficacy of somatostatin analogues in relieving obstruction-related symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and pain. However, the absence of a marketing license and the high cost of these drugs limit their use as the first-line treatment, except in highly selected patients (early recurrence). When these medications fail to alleviate the symptoms of obstruction, venting gastrostomy should be considered promptly. Rehydration is needed for virtually every patient. Parenteral nutrition and pain management should be adjusted according to the patient needs and guidelines.
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PMID:Recommendations for bowel obstruction with peritoneal carcinomatosis. 2512 7

Pseudocyst is a common complication of Acute and chronic pancreatitis. However, its extension into the mediastinum is a rare entity. We present a case of 52 years male with acute on chronic pancreatitis (alcohol related) who presented with dysphagia and dyspnoea and was found to have a pancreatic pseudocyst extending upto the neck. Ultrasound fails to pick up mediastinal pseudocysts and requires additional imaging modalities - CT and MRI. Management of Mediastinal pseudocyst depends upon underlying etiology, ductal anatomy, size of the pseudocyst, and availability of expertise. Small pseudocysts in asymptomatic patients may resolve spontaneously, but requires prolonged conservative therapy with somatostatin or its analogue and Total Parenteral Nutrition. Ruptured pseudocyst in a symptomatic unstable patient requires surgical resection. Endoscopic ultrasound guided drainage (transmural or transpapillary) and Main Pancreatic Duct stenting are safe and effective treatment modality.
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PMID:Mediastinal Pseudocyst in Acute on Chronic Pancreatitis. 2773 65


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