Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Stress ulcer prophylaxis diminishes but does not eliminate the risk of severe bleeding from this complication. In 70-80% of the cases the source of bleeding is hemorrhagic gastritis. No controlled studies exist which have in particular investigated conservative therapy in patients with stress-induced hemorrhage. Even effective measures to suppress gastric acid secretion or to reduce splanchnic blood flow are ineffective in 10-40% of intensive care unit patients with stress-induced bleeding. In these cases total gastrectomy has so far often been the only therapeutic approach. We report our experience with a new approach in treating severe stress-induced hemorrhagic gastritis after ineffective primary treatment with H2-receptor antagonists, pirenzepine and somatostatin. Continuous gastric lavage with 5-10 l ice-cold Ringer's solution was used until complete cessation of bleeding, as evident from clear lavage. Repeated administration of 12 g sucralfate (60 ml) at 2-h intervals for 24 h through a gastric tube was used to prevent recurrence of bleeding and to promote healing. Sucralfate was reduced on the 2nd and 3rd day to 20 ml 2-hourly and later to 10 ml 4-hourly. In four patients this treatment was used as an ultima ratio when the patients were already scheduled for total gastrectomy. A total of 23 patients were treated during a 7-year period; all of them responded successfully, and no patient required surgery.
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PMID:Conservative treatment of stress ulcer bleeding: a new approach. 141 Dec 92

Sucralfate has a complex effect on the luminal and mucosal environment of the stomach and duodenum. Some of the actions are important in ulcer healing whilst others are important in preventing subsequent ulcer relapse. Although sucralfate has little direct effect on acid secretion, there is evidence that after ulcer healing with this drug, parietal cell responsiveness is reduced. This may in part be mediated by increased somatostatin release from gastric D cells and may be important in reducing ulcer relapse. Sucralfate has been shown to increase mucosal resistance to damaging agents, such as ethanol and aspirin. Studies have shown that this protective action may be related to the drugs effect on various protective zones such as the 'mucous-bicarbonate' barrier, mucosal hydrophobicity, epithelial cell function and morphology, and mucosal blood flow. These complex actions of sucralfate are in part related to direct interaction between the drug or its components and gastroduodenal tissues, and in part related to effects on various mediators of tissue injury and repair.
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PMID:Prevention of peptic ulcer relapse by sucralfate: mechanisms of action. 141 Dec 95