Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cysteamine (1.95 or 3.90 mM/kg) administered subcutaneously (sc) markedly decreased the open-field activity of the rats, while the structurally related amino acid cysteine had only minor influence. Cysteamine (1.95 or 3.90 mM/kg) reduced the noradrenaline and increased the dopamine and dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC) levels in the hypothalamus. In striatum the drug decreased both the noradrenaline (1.95 or 3.90 mM/kg) and dopamine (3.90 mM/kg) levels without influencing the DOPAC content. Neither the hypothalamic nor the striatal catecholamines are influenced by administration of equimolar doses of cysteine. Cysteamine (1.95 or 3.90 mM/kg) decreased the somatostatin levels both in the hypothalamus and in the striatum without influencing neuropeptide Y (NPY) and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) concentrations. Cysteine administered in equimolar doses did not influence the peptide levels in these brain structures. These data suggest that the cysteamine-induced behavioural changes are related to the decrease of brain noradrenaline and somatostatin concentrations. The structurally related amino acid cysteine does not influence the behaviour or the central monoaminergic and peptidergic concentrations in the hypothalamus and striatum of rats.
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PMID:Influence of cysteamine and cysteine on open-field behaviour, and on brain concentrations of catecholamines, somatostatin, neuropeptide Y, and corticotropin releasing hormone in the rat. 257 45

The synthesis, biological testing, and NMR studies of several analogues of H-c[Cys (3)-Phe (6)-Phe (7)-DTrp (8)-Lys (9)-Thr (10)-Phe (11)-Cys (14)]-OH (ODT-8, a pan-somatostatin analogue, 1) have been performed to assess the effect of changing the stereochemistry and the number of atoms in the disulfide bridge on binding affinity. Cysteine at positions 3 and/or 14 (somatostatin numbering) were/was substituted with d-cysteine, norcysteine, D-norcysteine, homocysteine, and/or D-homocysteine. The 3D structure analysis of selected partially selective, bioactive analogues (3, 18, 19, and 21) was carried out in dimethylsulfoxide. Interestingly and not unexpectedly, the 3D structures of these analogues comprised the pharmacophore for which the analogues had the highest binding affinities (i.e., sst 4 in all cases).
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PMID:Ring size of somatostatin analogues (ODT-8) modulates receptor selectivity and binding affinity. 1841 84

Accurate detection of neuropeptides in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays an important role in both indepth studies and early diagnosis of neurological diseases. Here, we report a biosensor based on Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer (CMUT) which is capable of detecting low concentrations (pg $\sim $ ng/ml) of a neuropeptide involved with the progression of Alzheimer's diseases, somatostatin (SST). A 10-MHz CMUT was fabricated and utilized as a physical resonant sensor which detects the change in the concentration of analyte through the mass-loading mechanism. The resonant plate was sequentially coated with protein G and antibodies to provide specificity to SST; Cysteine-tagged protein G layer enables controlled immobilization of antibodies in a welloriented manner. The change in the resonant frequency of the CMUT sensor was measured after incubating the sensor in various concentrations of SST. The significant shifts in the resonant frequency were observed for SST concentrations in the range of 10 pg/ml $\sim 1$ ng/ml. Compared to the previously reported biosensors developed for SST detection, our sensor shows discernable responses for SST that are $\sim 6$ orders of magnitude lower in concentration. Thus, this work demonstrates the potential of the CMUT resonant sensor as a promising biosensor platform for detection of neuropeptides involved with neurodegenerative diseases that often exist in low concentrations in CSF.
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PMID:Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer (CMUT)-based Biosensor for Detection of Low Concentration Neuropeptide. 3044 Oct 6