Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Our objective was to report the outcome in patients with liver metastasis from endocrine tumors who underwent transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) as first-line non-surgical treatment. From January 1990 to December 2000, 14 patients with progressive unresectable liver metastases from digestive neuroendocrine tumor were treated with TACE (mean of 3.6 sessions) before any non-surgical treatment (somatostatin analogue, chemotherapy or interferon). Liver involvement was less than 50% in 11 patients. Size of the largest lesion ranged from 1.5 to 10 cm. Ten patients presented with carcinoid symptoms. The TACE was performed with Doxorubicin emulsified in Lipiodol and gelatin sponge particles. Symptomatic response upon flushes and/or diarrhea was complete in 7 of 10 cases and partial in 2 of 10 cases. An objective morphologic response was noted in 12 of 14 cases. The 5- and 10-year survival rate from diagnosis was 83 and 56%, respectively. Six patients were alive at the end of the study after 27-100 months from first TACE and 38-142 months from diagnosis. Three of them were successfully palliated for 55, 69, and 100 months with only TACE as treatment. Long-term palliation is possible in unresectable liver metastases from digestive neuroendocrine tumors with a few sessions of TACE as first-line and eventually exclusive treatment.
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PMID:Trans-catheter arterial chemoembolization as first-line treatment for hepatic metastases from endocrine tumors. 1254 Nov 21

Despite similar histological and morphological aspects, gastro-enteropancreatic (GEP) endocrine tumours represent a heterogeneous group of tumours with varying clinical expression depending on tumour type (functional or not), origin and extension, but also on histological differentiation and proliferative capacity. The natural history of well-differentiated tumours is often favourable without treatment and GEP endocrine tumours may remain indolent for many years. Chemotherapy may however be indicated in the presence of symptomatic non-progressive disease (progression evaluated over 3-6 months). In contrast, poorly differentiated GEP endocrine tumours are frequently aggressive and early treatment is required. Accurate staging is mandatory and where surgery is possible (even in the event of limited metastatic disease), this option should be re-evaluated in a multidisciplinary approach. Approximately 2/3 of malignant GEP tumours are metastatic at discovery and surgery is possible in a minority of patients; therefore, chemotherapy, with/without other strategies (e.g. local ablation), is frequently indicated in patients with symptomatic, bulky or progressive disease. For well-differentiated pancreatic tumours, the reference association is Adriamycin with streptozotocin yielding objective responses (OR) in 40-60% of patients. Prolonged treatment is limited due to potential cardiotoxicity of Adriamycin and standard 2nd-line regimens are not of proven efficacy; thus, other treatment modalities are usually additionally required (e.g. chemo-embolisation). A significant OR may render a small number of patients secondarily amenable to surgery. Published series evaluating chemotherapy for midgut endocrine tumours are outdated and disappointing. Objective response rates with combined associations (including either 5-fluorouracil and/or streptozotocin) rarely exceed 20% and where possible, chemo-embolisation for hepatic metastases combined with somatostatin analogues (+/- interferon) should be preferred. Poorly differentiated GEP tumours are generally aggressive tumours with metastases at diagnosis and tend to progress rapidly. Surgery is rarely possible and ineffective even in locally advanced disease due to a high risk of recurrence. Chemotherapy, using cisplatin and etoposide, is the reference treatment and frequently yields OR rates >50%. However, despite being chemosensitive, disease control is limited (8-10 months). Overall, advances in therapeutic chemotherapeutic options are required in the management of all types of advanced GEP endocrine tumours and evaluation of new drugs (e.g. irinotecan) and combination strategies (chemotherapy with local ablative therapies) are required in the future.
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PMID:Chemotherapy for gastro-enteropancreatic endocrine tumours. 1547 23

Octreotide (OCT) was recently found to have high binding affinity to the positive tumor cells of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). In this study, octreotide-Phe-polyethylene glycol-stearic acid was first successfully synthesized and used as a targeting molecule for N-octyl-O, N-carboxymethyl chitosan (OCC). Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded into OCT-modified OCC micelles (DOX-OCC-OCT). The drug-loaded micelles obtained exhibited spherical shape, small particle sizes, and negative zeta potentials. The cytotoxicity of DOX-OCC-OCT micelles against MCF-7 cells (SSTRs expressing) was found to significantly increase with the increased amount of OCT modification, whereas no significant difference was observed against WI-38 cells (no SSTRs expressing). Results of flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed that DOX-OCC-OCT micelles could remarkably increase the uptake of DOX in MCF-7 cells. All the results indicated that OCC-OCT micelles may be a promising intracellular targeting carrier for efficient delivery of antitumor drugs into tumor cells.
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PMID:Octreotide-modified N-octyl-O, N-carboxymethyl chitosan micelles as potential carriers for targeted antitumor drug delivery. 2208 25