Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The Wobbler mouse (wr) is a mutant that exhibits loss of anterior horn cells in the spinal cord and brainstem and subsequent muscle wasting, particularly of the forelimbs and neck. The wr mice, 2-3 months of age, were found to have increased levels of immunoreactive-thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (ir-TRH) in the spinal cord and pons and medulla, but not in other CNS areas. This increase was observed in dorsal and ventral cord and at cervical, thoracic, and lumbar levels and was confirmed by HPLC to be authentic TRH. The levels of immunoreactive-somatostatin, -neurotensin, and -substance P were not raised in the CNS of wr mice. The activities of two peptidases capable of degrading TRH, pyroglutamylaminopeptidase (PGAP, EC 3.4.11.8) and proline endopeptidase (PEP, EC 3.4.21.26), and the level of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were also raised in the spinal cord of 2-3-month-old wr mice although the activities of alanine aminopeptidase and lactate dehydrogenase and the level of 5-hydroxytryptamine were not. Increased spinal cord levels of ir-TRH and PGAP and PEP activities were not observed in the 1-month-old wr mice. In addition, a pilot study using spinal cord obtained at autopsy from three patients with motor neurone disease and 12 control subjects indicated no increase in spinal cord ir-TRH, PGAP, or PEP in human motor neurone disease.
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PMID:Raised thyrotrophin-releasing hormone, pyroglutamylamino peptidase, and proline endopeptidase are present in the spinal cord of wobbler mice but not in human motor neurone disease. 244 4

A group of 15 biologically active peptides were studied with respect to their susceptibility to chain shortening by human pancreas alanine aminopeptidase. Those susceptible were somatostatin, melanocyte stimulating hormone, fibrinopeptide A, eosinophilotactictetrapeptide, lysyl-bradykinin, and methionyl-lysyl-bradykinin. The latter two were selected for further study. Direct identification and determination of the reaction products, lysine and/or methionine, were undertaken to establish unequivocally the kinin-converting activity of human pancreas alanine aminopeptidase, which exhibited a pH optimum at pH 7.9. The Km and kcat values for this enzyme for lysyl-bradykinin were 57 mumol/l and 3000 min-1, respectively. The corresponding values for this enzyme for methionyl-lysyl-bradykinin were calculated to be 49 mumol/l and 16000 min-1, respectively. Bradykinin itself is extremely resistant to hydrolysis by this pancreatic enzyme.
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PMID:Action of human pancreas alanine aminopeptidase on biologically active peptides: kinin converting activity. 611 80

The regulation mechanism of the interrelation between neuropeptides and their metabolizing enzymes in in vivo tissues is still not clear. In the present report, we attempted to measure the levels of neuropeptides and their enzymes in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum of the rat that had been bilaterally lesioned by the infusion of ibotenic acid or amyloid beta-peptide 25 - 35 (Abeta25 - 35) into the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. In the drug-treated rats, at two weeks after the infusion, the decrease of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SS-LI) and the increase of cholecystokinin-8S-LI were found in some brain regions relative to vehicle-treated rats. The immunoreactivities of endopeptidase 24.15 and puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase and the leucine aminopeptidase- and aminopeptidase B-like enzyme activities did not change in the three brain regions, suggesting that the levels of those peptide-degrading enzymes do not correlate with the changes of the neuropeptide levels. The decrease of subtilisin-like proprotein convertase (SPC)-like enzyme activity was found in the hippocampus of the Abeta25 - 35-treated rats. The SS mRNA level decreased in the hippocampus in parallel with decreases in the SS-LI level and SPC-like enzyme activity. The present data indicate that some of the neuropeptide-processing enzymes may contribute to the control of neuropeptide levels.
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PMID:Changes in the levels of neuropeptides and their metabolizing enzymes in the brain regions of nucleus basalis magnocellularis-lesioned rats. 1293 25