Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using sheep thyroid cells in culture, we have studied the effects of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on the activity and expression of both thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and on the ability of cells to trap and organify iodide. Using Western blotting techniques, we found that TSH increased the absolute cellular levels of Tg. The optimum TSH concentration for Tg mRNA production was between 0.1-1.0 mU/ml. Thyroglobulin mRNA levels were stimulated by TSH but detectable levels were also present in cultures grown in its absence containing cortisol, insulin, transferrin, somatostatin and glycyl-lysyl-histidyl acetate. Unlike Tg, TPO protein levels were found to be completely dependent upon TSH. A time course of TSH stimulation of TPO mRNA showed increases after 8 h of TSH stimulation, whereas induction of Tg mRNA by TSH was seen at 24 h. Iodide trapping and organification were also TSH-dependent processes, showing maximum activities at 300-500 muU/ml of TSH. The addition of 10 nM TPA caused a biphasic decrease in radiolabeled pertechnetate uptake, with complete inhibition being seen at 14 h. Inhibition of iodide organification occurred more rapidly. TPA and EGF (1 nM) reduced the amount of newly synthesized Tg in TSH-stimulated cells by 50% but the absolute amount of Tg within the cells was not markedly inhibited at these early times.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Regulation of thyroperoxidase, thyroglobulin and iodide levels in sheep thyroid cells by TSH, tumor promoters and epidermal growth factor. 249 23

Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy has found considerable interest for imaging thyroid tumours. Recently, also therapeutic application of Somatostatin analogues labelled with beta-emitting radionuclides has been suggested as treatment option for thyroid tumours with absent radioiodine uptake. Most of the radiolabelled analogues available show a predominant affinity for Somatostatin receptor subtype 2. This study reports on the in vitro characterisation of Somatostatin receptor subtype mRNAs in thyroid tumours and normal thyroid tissue by means of RT-PCR. Surgical samples of 21 patients were collected, and mRNA of 16 tumour and 17 control specimen was isolated. mRNA expression for Somatostatin, SSTR subtype 1-5, thyroid markers (NIS, TSH, Tg, TPO) and control markers (GAPDH, beta-actin) was determined. PCR results were correlated with immunohistochemistry staining using SSTR2 receptor specific antibodies. 94% of all samples expressed Somatostatin receptor mRNA with predominant expression of subtype 2, less predominant of subtype 5 and subtype 3. Somatostatin receptor subtype 2 mRNA expression correlated well with immunohistochemical staining pattern in 13/16 samples, SSTR2 immunohistochemistry was positive in 87% of the samples. Our results show that Somatostatin receptor 2 is predominantly expressed on thyroid tissue and is a valid target for treatment of thyroid tumours. Octreotide derivatives currently used in Nuclear medicine seem to be well suited to target receptors expressed in thyroid tumours.
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PMID:Evidence for Somatostatin receptor 2 in thyroid tissue. 1699 50

Thyroiditis developing post pituitary surgery in a case of TSH secreting tumor has been reported, albeit rarely. A 46 year old female was treated as a case of hypothyroidism for almost five years, however, TSH levels remained unsuppressed in spite of increasing thyroxine doses. A cyclic pattern of TSH with T3 secretion was observed after stopping thyroxine, though T4 levels were normal. T3 suppression test revealed a non suppressed TSH and MRI sella revealed a pituitary mass with Grade 1 cavernous sinus invasion. With a diagnosis of TSH secreting tumor, the patient was initiated on octreotide therapy. TFT normalized within 4 days of initiation of octreotide, tumor size reduced by about 30% within 2 months of therapy and goiter size reduced to almost half with octreotide therapy. Anti TPO levels which were initially negative became positive within a month of octreotide therapy and FNAC thyroid revealed thyroiditis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case report of development of thyroiditis after octreotide therapy. The immunomodulatory role of TSH and somatostatin may have a role in the development of thyroiditis in this case.
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PMID:THYROIDITIS DEVELOPING POST INITIATION OF OCTREOTIDE IN A CASE OF TSH SECRETING TUMOR. 3268 45