Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the past few years more than 30 novel, biologically active peptides have been discovered. Some are produced in endocrine glands and circulate as hormones in the blood; others are contained in the enterochromaffin cells of the gut and may be involved in the regulation of intestinal functions. The vast majority of new peptides, however, have been detected in the central and peripheral nervous systems, where they are synthesized in distinct neurons and stored in neurovesicles. Many of these neuropeptides may be involved in circulatory regulation. There is evidence supporting such a role, especially for centrally located angiotensin, opioid peptides, substance P, neuropeptide Y (NPY), vasopressin, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), kinins, corticotropin releasing factor, bombesin, and somatostatin. In this review we discuss the cardiovascular actions of angiotensin, neuropeptide Y, and calcitonin gene related peptide.
Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 1991 Feb
PMID:The role of neuropeptides in cardiovascular regulation. 203 31

Right heart failure in patients with carcinoid heart disease is a serious prognostic sign. Consideration and adequate timing of valvular operations seem essential for the postoperative outcome. Without any relation to duration or progression of the metastasizing tumor disease, right heart failure developed and increased rapidly for a period of 12 to 17 months in four patients with classic carcinoid syndrome. Invasive hemodynamic and cardiac ultrasound investigations revealed severe carcinoid heart disease, and medical decompensation treatment gradually failed. Tricuspid and pulmonic valve replacement operations resulted in dramatic improvement in three of the patients, and these patients were still free of cardiac symptoms 10, 12, and 38 months postoperatively. One patient died 5 days postoperatively probably of septicemia. The preoperative and postoperative development of the cardiac disease is evaluated clinically, by cardiac ultrasound and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations, and related to the tumor disease. Surgical anatomy and operative technique are reported, and the beneficial value of prophylactic treatment of the effects of tumor-released vasoactive substances by a somatostatin analog is emphasized.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1990 Oct
PMID:Surgical treatment of carcinoid heart disease. 214 80

Selective catheterization of the left gastric vein was performed after percutaneous transhepatic portography (PTP) in patients with portal hypertension and esophageal varices. Following the hypothesis that drugs increasing the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure may obstruct the variceal blood flow through the lower esophagus, the effect of different drugs (i.e., intravenous injection of vasopressin, pentagastrin, domperidone and somatostatin and subcutaneous injection of metacholine) on the variceal blood flow was examined. Vasopressin did not change the variceal blood flow; pentagastrin, with its known effect of increasing the LES pressure produced a total interruption of the flow in four of eight patients; domperidone, also known to increase the LES pressure obstructed the variceal blood flow in the only patient examined with this drug; somatostatin has no reported action on the LES but blocked the flow in one of two patients; and metacholine, reported to increase the LES pressure did not produce any change in the flow in the three patients examined. LES pressure was recorded before and during vasopressin infusion in seven patients with portal hypertension and esophageal varices. No reaction on the pressure was found. The patient number in the study is small and the results are nonuniform but still they suggest that drugs increasing the LES tonus might be useful to control variceal blood flow.
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 1983
PMID:Pharmacologic influence on esophageal varices: a preliminary report. 613 25

Angiopeptin (AP: BIM23014C), a cyclic analogue of the peptide hormone somatostatin, inhibits intimal hyperplasia after balloon angioplasty. This inhibition has been attributed to a direct inhibitory effect on smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation. However, the SMC that proliferate in the intima and contribute to intimal hyperplasia arrive there by migrating from the injured media, suggesting that SMC migration may also play an important role in this process. Indeed, in the experiments we describe, AP inhibited the migration of rat aortic SMC cells (RA-SMC) in response to type I collagen, the predominant form of collagen in the vessel media, and did so dose dependently. RA-SMC migration was inhibited 70% in the presence of AP 100 nM. RA-SMC adhesion to type I collagen in these conditions was not inhibited, suggesting that AP does not interfere with RA-SMC recognition of type I collagen; instead, it blocks subsequent signaling events that are necessary for RA-SMC migration in response to type I collagen. AP inhibited the forskolin-stimulated accumulation of cyclic AMP by RA-SMC (35% at 30 nM). In addition, pertussis toxin (PT), which blocks Gi-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, blocked the inhibitory effect of AP on cyclic AMP (cAMP) accumulation and also blocked the inhibitory effect of AP on RA-SMC migration. These findings suggest that the inhibitory effect of AP on intimal hyperplasia is due at least in part to its effects on SMC migration and that these effects are mediated by a Gi-dependent pathway and may involve inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and cAMP accumulation.
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1995 Apr
PMID:Angiopeptin (BIM23014C) inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell migration in vitro through a G-protein-mediated pathway and is associated with inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and cyclic AMP accumulation. 759 30

Bronchial carcinoid is the most frequent cause of Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic ACTH production. The authors report a case of bronchial carcinoid which diagnosis was difficult because of the presence of pulmonary mycosis, that determined a hypercorticosuprarenalism. Medical treatment with octreotide, ketoconazolo and mitotane was useless, and bilateral suprarenalectomy was performed. A scintigraphy with raced somatostatin revealed a left lung area capting radiation. A CT scan of the thorax revealed a lesion of the lingula and the patient underwent an atypical lung resection with complete solution of the symptom. The problems of diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors of the lung are discussed and the importance of SSA in the diagnostic procedure is pointed out.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 1995 Oct
PMID:Bronchial carcinoid associated with Cushing's syndrome. 852 74

A range of somatostatin (SRIF) analogues have been used to characterize the SRIF receptor-mediating contraction of the human saphenous vein. SRIF produced concentration-dependent contractions with an EC50 value of approximately 20 nM. The peptidase inhibitors phosphoramidon and amastatin did not alter the potency of SRIF. The sst2 receptor-selective peptide BIM-23027 was approximately three times more potent than SRIF in contracting the vein, whereas the sst5 receptor-selective peptide L-362855 was approximately 50 times weaker. The sst3 receptor-selective peptide BIM-23056 did not contract the saphenous vein. Contractions to SRIF were not antagonised by the putative SRIF receptor blocker cyclo(7-aminoheptanoyl-Phe-D Trp-Lys-Thr[Bzl]) (CPP), phentolamine, or indomethacin. Decreasing the external calcium concentration reduced the maximum contraction to SRIF in a concentration-dependent manner without altering the EC50 value. Nifedipine and verapamil also markedly reduced the SRIF-induced contraction. SRIF and several SRIF analogues caused contraction of the human saphenous vein by what appeared to be a direct effect on the smooth muscle. Their relative potencies suggest that their effects were mediated by a somatostatin receptor that is like the recombinant sst2 receptor. The receptor transduction mechanism appears to involve activation of L-type calcium channels and entry of extracellular calcium.
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1995 Nov
PMID:Somatostatin-induced contraction of human isolated saphenous vein involves sst2 receptor-mediated activation of L-type calcium channels. 863 86

We have demonstrated that adenosine enhances insulin-stimulated myocardial glucose uptake in situ. In the present study we determined the role of adrenergic influences and myocardial work on insulin-stimulated myocardial glucose uptake while varying intracoronary adenosine concentrations. Under pentobarbital anesthesia we instrumented mongrel dogs to obtain blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial and coronary sinus blood samples for measuring oxygen and glucose concentrations. An electromagnetic blood flow probe around the circumflex coronary artery allowed determinations of blood flow, and calculation of myocardial oxygen (MVO2) and glucose (MGU) uptakes. Somatostatin was infused i.v. (0.8 microgram/kg.min-1) along with 10 mU/kg.min-1 regular insulin, and variable quantities of glucose to maintain euglycemia. Adenosine was infused at logarithmic incremental rates (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mumoles.min-1) for 30 min each into the main left coronary arteries. Adrenergic blockade was achieved with i.v. propranolol (70 micrograms/kg bolus followed by 5 micrograms/kg.min-1 infusion), and phentolamine (95 micrograms/kg bolus followed by 9.5 micrograms/kg.min-1 infusion). Insulin infusion significantly increased MGU. Adenosine increased the maximal value for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Adrenergic blockade alone did not alter insulin-stimulated MGU, but reduced heart rate and MVO2. When evaluated relative to MVO2 1.0 mumoles/ml adenosine infusion increased MGU independent of work-related changes in the presence or absence of adrenergic blockade. With an adenosine infusion rate of 10 mumoles/ml myocardial glucose uptake returned to baseline. These data also support our earlier speculation that the MGU response to adenosine may be biphasic. These results suggest that antagonism of adrenergic effects by adenosine cannot account for adenosine's ability to enhance insulin's effects on glucose uptake in the heart, but that work-related influences should be accounted for in interpreting results of this kind.
Cardiovasc Res 1996 May
PMID:Adrenergic, insulin, and work interactions with adenosine's effects on in situ myocardial glucose uptake. 876 98

Angiopeptin, a stable octapeptide analog of somatostatin, inhibits proliferation in a variety of cancer cell lines. We studied the effect of angiopeptin on 3H-thymidine uptake into ring segments from the porcine coronary tree. The incorporation of 3H-thymidine into segments of porcine left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery was time dependent and reached a plateau after 48 h. The addition of angiopeptin (48.1 and 96.2 nM) to the culture medium significantly inhibited 3H-thymidine incorporation into the segments by 36.7 +/- 10.1% and 48.3 +/- 2.3% of the control, respectively. Forskolin (100 microM), inhibited 3H-thymidine incorporation (52.7 +/- 10.1%) to the same degree as did angiopeptin (96.2 nM). Incubation of the segments with 125I-labeled angiopeptin, for 2 h at 37 degrees C, showed angiopeptin uptake to be time dependent and exhibited a first-order kinetics, reaching equilibrium after 30 min. Autoradiographic studies showed a uniform distribution of angiopeptin within the endothelium, media, and adventitia. Most of the labeling was associated with the nuclei of the cells. Angiopeptin, after 30-min incubation, did not significantly modify the basal levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). In contrast, forskolin (100 microM) elicited a 50-fold increase of the basal levels of cAMP. These results indicate that in addition to its endocrine effects, angiopeptin reduces the rate of proliferation by acting directly on the vessel wall.
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1997 Feb
PMID:Angiopeptin inhibits thymidine incorporation by explants of porcine coronary arteries. 905 79

Bronchial carcinoid tumors are neuroendocrine neoplasms capable of expressing somatostatin receptors and of secreting neuromediators such as ACTH and chromogranins. Radiologic appearance is usually non-specific and has to be distinguished from benign pulmonary nodules and other malignant diseases. Standard radiological techniques have limited accuracy in the evaluation of such lesions. Radioisotopic imaging techniques may increase the specificity of diagnostic assessment. The role of immunoscintigraphy with anti-chromogranin A and B monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) and of 111In-Octreoscan scintigraphy is evaluated in two cases of bronchial carcinoid tumors associated to Cushing syndrome.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 1997 Apr
PMID:Imaging of bronchial carcinoid tumors associated to Cushing syndrome with 111In-Octreoscan scintigraphy and immunoscintigraphy with anti-chromogranin monoclonal antibodies. Report of two cases. 920 Nov 36

We successfully achieved complete regression of a pancreatic pseudocyst after Ethibloc embolization of a fistula between the cyst and the pancreatic duct. Previous treatment by percutaneous drainage over 6 weeks had failed. Treatment with a somatostatin analog had not been undertaken.
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol
PMID:Successful closure and embolization of a fistula between the pancreatic duct and a pseudocyst using ethibloc. 927 54


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