Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 27-year-old woman with multiple bilobal liver metastases of a carcinoid tumour and carcinoid syndrome was treated with the somatostatin analogue Octreotide, 450-600 micrograms daily subcutaneously. This improved previous attacks of marked epigastric pain, while endocrine activity and tumour mass remained unchanged. Shortly after treatment had begun, soft fatty stools and oxaluria were noted. After six months severe renal colics were found to be due to non-opaque caliceal calculi, and a contracted non-functioning gallbladder was discovered. The calculi consisted of oxalate. The enteric hyperoxalosis, oxaluria and urolithiasis were presumably side effects of the Octreotide treatment.
 ...
PMID:[Enteral hyperoxalosis due to therapy with a somatostatin analog]. 229 34

An endocrine cell carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile duct in a 79-year-old man is described. The patient had complaints of jaundice and epigastric pain due to a small tumor located at the confluence of the common hepatic duct with the cystic duct. Microscopically, the tumor showed a well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma and was confined to the mucosa. Numerous tumor cells showed argyrophil and/or argentaffin reactions. Immunoperoxidase staining revealed that the tumor tissue contained somatostatin-, gastrin-and serotonin-immunoreactive cells. From these findings the tumor was diagnosed as endocrine cell carcinoma. Four years later he remains well without any evidence of recurrence or metastasis. The histogenesis of endocrine cells in the biliary tract is briefly discussed.
 ...
PMID:Endocrine cell carcinoma of extrahepatic bile duct. 352 8

A 35-year-old man sought treatment for acute epigastric pain, mild jaundice, and high fever. The patient was alcoholic and had been treated for a week in another hospital, at which time the clinical findings and indirect laboratory test indicated an attack of acute pancreatitis. At admission to the surgical intensive care unit of Aretaieon Hospital, the patient was in a septic condition; a computed tomographic scan of the upper abdomen revealed an abscess at the head of the pancreas. Surgical exploration showed an infected hydatid cyst at the head of the pancreas and pancreatic edema. The cyst was evacuated and drained, which resulted in formation of an external pancreatic fistula. Fistulography showed a communication of the residual cavity with the main pancreatic duct. The patient was begun on a regimen of somatostatin infusion, and the fistula closed within 3 days. The patient was discharged on the sixteenth postoperative day and has remained in good health for a year.
 ...
PMID:Pancreatic abscess due to infected hydatid disease. 367 27

A case of duodenal somatostatinoma is reported. The patient, a 54-year-old male, had complained of an epigastric pain due to gastric ulcer and a duodenal polyp was unexpectedly found at a gastrectomy. The polyp showed basically tubular adenocarcinoma, with negative argyrophil and argentaffin reactions. By an indirect immunofluorescent examination almost all of the tumor cells were revealed as somatostatin-immunoreactive. Big somatostatin was also positive. Radioimmunoassay of the tumor indicated 6400 pg of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity per milligram of wet tissue. This seems to be the second case of duodenal somatostatinoma, following the case reported by us previously.
 ...
PMID:Duodenal somatostatinoma. Immunohistopathology and review of literature. 630 Dec 8

A 28-year-old man presented with epigastric pain and obstructive jaundice associated with a histologically and immunologically unusual variant of carcinoid tumor involving the ampulla of Vater. The tumor contained abundant psammoma bodies and exhibited immunoreactivity only for somatostatin. Immunoperoxidase studies for insulin, glucagon, vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin, serotonin, and ACTH had negative results. In contrast to most somatostatinomas of pancreatic origin, clinically this ampullary somatostatinoma was not accompanied by features of the somatostatinoma syndrome. A literature review of the clinical and hormonal features in reported cases of gastrointestinal and pancreatic somatostatinomas is presented.
 ...
PMID:Ampullary somatostatinoma: psammomatous variant of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor--an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. Report of a case and review of the literature. 631 1

The pancreas commonly reacts to endoscopic papillosphincterotomy (EST) with a rise in serum amylase, and acute pancreatitis may also develop. The long-acting somatostatin analogue octreotide has recently been proposed for prevention of colangiopancreatography (ERCP)/EST-induced pancreatic reaction. Therefore, we tested the prophylactic effects of a subcutaneous 3-day administration of octreotide to 60 consecutive patients undergoing ERCP and EST. They were randomly allocated to receive either 200 micrograms octreotide t.i.d. for 3 days (30 cases) or placebo (control group, 30 cases) before the procedure. On the day of the examination, serum amylase levels were determined at baseline and 2, 4, 8, and 24 h thereafter. In the patients as a whole, the increases were statistically significant at 4 h (p < 0.01) and 8 h (p < 0.01). Epigastric pain occurred in 2 patients in the octreotide group and in 13 control subjects (p < 0.001). Even in some patients who had had previous episodes of relapsing pancreatitis, the rise in serum amylase was significantly lower in the octreotide group than in the control group at 4 h (p < 0.01), 8 h (p = 0.05), and 24 h (p = 0.05). Our data suggest that 3 days of prophylactic treatment with octreotide is effective for reducing the rise in serum amylase after EST/ERCP and could be proposed for patients with relapsing pancreatitis and other risk conditions before the Vater's papilla manipulation.
 ...
PMID:Long-term prophylactic administration of octreotide reduces the rise in serum amylase after endoscopic procedures on Vater's papilla. 878 35

The authors describe the case of a 51-year-old male with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome manifested by epigastralgia, nausea, vomiting, hypergastrinemia and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. History included a Billroth II procedure for a perforated duodenal ulcer. Multiple metastatic liver lesions were found that were gastrin-negative and chromogranin-positive. Endoscopy revealed a large ulcerated gastro-jejuno-colonic fistula which was surgically repaired. Pre- and postoperative imaging studies, including the highly sensitive somatostatin-receptor scintigraphic scan using In-pentetreotide, have consistently failed to disclose other tumors. Recent reports indicate that most Zollinger-Ellison syndrome-associated gastrinomas are small, easily overlooked lesions located in the proximal duodenum rather than in the pancreas as formerly believed. In the present patient therapy with omeprazole and alpha-interferon has produced complete remission of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and a stabilization of tumor growth has occurred during the last 7 years, allowing the patient to live a normal life. This peculiar response to therapy is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Liver metastases of endocrine tumour associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1: a sustained response to interferon therapy or a peculiar benign course? 1110 Mar 30

In massive hemorrhage from acute gastric mucosal lesions, it is occasionally difficult to control the bleeding with nonsurgical therapy. We used the somatostatin analog, octreotide, which suppresses gastric and pancreatic function, to treat severe hemorrhagic erosive gastritis in a patient with acute pancreatitis. A 22-year-old man presented with epigastralgia and melena. Blood levels of pancreatitis markers were elevated. Computed tomography revealed diffuse enlargement of the pancreas, without fluid collection around the organ. An endoscopic examination showed extensive hemorrhagic erosions over almost the whole gastric mucosa. We diagnosed extensive hemorrhagic erosive gastritis with acute pancreatitis. A protease inhibitor (nafamostat mesilate 50 mg/day) and an H(2) receptor antagonist (famotidine 40 mg/day) were administered by injection for 6 days; the patient's serum and urine amylase levels fell, but the gastric erosions with hemorrhage were not attenuated. Octreotide was given subcutaneously, at a daily dose of 100 microg for 5 days, without famotidine administration. His melena disappeared, and the gastric erosions were markedly decreased. Administration of the somatostatin analog, octreotide, proved to be effective treatment in a patient with severe hemorrhagic erosive gastritis associated with acute pancreatitis.
 ...
PMID:Extensive hemorrhagic erosive gastritis associated with acute pancreatitis successfully treated with a somatostatin analog. 1237 48

A golden yellow polyp was detected in the gallbladder of a 64-year-old man who presented with epigastric pain. The lesion was composed of clear polygonal cells arranged in a trabecular and glandular pattern. The tumor invaded through the wall into the perimuscular subserosal layer. Immunohistochemical stains showed that neoplastic cells were positive for chromogranin A, synaptophysin, somatostatin, gastrin, and pancreatic polypeptide and negative for glucagon, serotonin, insulin, S100 protein, and inhibin. This tumor resembles the recently described clear cell endocrine tumors of the gallbladder and pancreas that are associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease. Our patient, however, had neither personal nor family history indicative of von Hippel-Lindau disease. Furthermore, published accounts of clear cell endocrine tumors in von Hippel-Lindau disease describe immunoreactivity for inhibin; the current case was negative for the disease. There may be a subtype of clear cell carcinoid tumor not associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease, which is characterized by its lack of immunoreactivity against inhibin.
 ...
PMID:Clear cell carcinoid tumor of the gallbladder. A case without von Hippel-Lindau disease. 1274 4

Duodenogastric reflux (DGR) has been found to give rise to a hypochlorhydria secondary to alkaline reflux. We investigated whether there is a link between DGR and the gastrin, somatostatin, and serotonin cell numbers and the granular content of gastrin, somatostatin, and serotonin in endocrine cells in human antral mucosa. We investigated 38 selected Helicobacter pylori-negative patients with visual primary excessive DGR in upper endoscopy and symptoms of epigastric pain and bile vomiting. Ten control patients were included in this study. None of the patients had peptic ulcer or had received any medication. Antrum (10 biopsies from five different zones: the lesser and major curvature, the anterior and posterior wall, and the pylorus) and corpus (two biopsies from major curvature about 10 cm below the cardia) biopsy specimens were collected for routine histology, as well as for light and electron immunohistochemistry. In patients without atrophy or intestinal metaplasia and in patients with mild atrophy or mild intestinal metaplasia, the number of gastrin and somatostatin cells was not different from that in controls. In moderate atrophy or moderate intestinal metaplasia, however, the number of gastrin and somatostatin cells decreased. Serotonin cell number was significantly higher in all patients with DGR as compared with controls. The mean somatostatin granular content was increased (3.6+/-0.2 vs. 3.2+/-0.1). In addition, lysosomes with engulfed somatostatin granules were found. The mean serotonin granular content was decreased (2.3+/-0.3 vs. 2.9+/-0.3), while the mean gastrin granular content remained unchanged (2.5+/-0.3 vs. 2.4+/-0.2). Ultrastructurally, the granules in serotonin-positive cells corresponded to the gastric variant or to the intestinal variant of serotonin cells. The endocrine cells were found to have few granules positive for serotonin. It is concluded that DGR inhibits somatostatin granular release, but stimulates both serotonin granular release and serotonin cell growth.
 ...
PMID:Effects of duodenogastric reflux on gastrin cells, somatostatin cells and serotonin cells in human antral gastric mucosa. 1531 Jan 46


1 2 Next >>