Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Some peculiarities of labeled growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PL) secretion in the 5-day monolayer culture of the rat adenohypophysis was studied. The hormones from the culture medium were obtained by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel. Natrium-dibutyril of cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate and theophylline, stimulated the GH and PL secretion. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) increased the incorporation of 14C-1-leucine into the cell protein, stimulated PL secretion, but did not act on the GH release. Somatostatin completely abolished the GH secretion mediated by theophyllin, but not that of PL. Some peculiarities in the formation of labeled GH and PL pool in the cells and secretion of these hormones into the culture medium are discussed.
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PMID:[Functional activity of rat adenohypophysis cells in a primary monolayer culture and the effect of several regulators on it]. 21 45

The effect of synthetic somatostatin on the basal and stimulated secretion of growth hormone and prolactin under conditions of incubation of the adenohypophysis (ADH) tissue in vitro was studied. The labeled growth hormones (GH) and prolactin (Pl) secreted was assayed by the method of electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel as modified by the authors. Synthetic somatostatin (10 and 100 nM) suppressed the basal and stimulated by 2--0-dibutyril AMP, theophylline, and prostaglandins of E series GH labeled secretion. In doses of 100 nM the inhibitor also suppressed the basal and the stimulated by 2--0-dibutyril AMP and theophylline release of labeled Pl. Apparently, the inhibitory action of somatostatin involves the reduction of the ADH activity of adenylatecyclase.
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PMID:[Effect of synthetic somatostatin on basal and stimulated growth hormone and prolactin secretion in vitro]. 21 77

Hormone responses to a bolus injection of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) were studied in 8 newborn lambs between 6 and 19 hours of age. The effect of a bolus injection and 45 min infusion of somatostatin (SRIF) on these responses was studied in 2 other animals. Serial measurements of serum TSH, prolactin, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were conducted for 2 to 6 h in all animals. Mean baseline T4 and T3 concentrations were 12.6 microng/dl and 221 ng/dl, respectively, both significantly higher than values in fetal or adult animals. These high values were due to the events of parturition. In spite of the high baseline T4 and T3 levels, there were rapid and significant increases in both TSH and prolactin concentrations in response to TRH alone. The TSH response evoked further increments in serum T3 and T4 concentrations observed at 30 min and 60 min, respectively, both subsequently increasing progressively through 6 h. During the 45 min period of SRIF infusion, the TSH T4 and T3 responses to the zero time TRH injection were minimal. However, after discontinuing SRIF, late increases in TSH, T4 and T3 were observed. The results indicate that the hyperiodothyroninemia characteristic of the newborn period does not block the response to exogenous TRH, whereas the inhibitory effect of exogenous SRIF is observed in the newborn as in the adult. The increased endogenous TRH secretion presumably responsible for the neonatal TSH surge may be overriding the negative feedback effect of thyroid hormones.
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PMID:The response of newborn sheep to TRH with and without somatostatin. 40 29

The effect of somatostatin on the thyrotropin (TSH), prolactin, growth hormone (GH) and insulin responses to the combined administration of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and arginine was studied in six healthy subjects, three hypothyroid patients and three acromegalic patients. Similar inhibition by somatostatin of the TSH and insulin responses was observed in the three groups. While the tetradecapeptide had no significant effect on the prolactin response in the healthy and acromegalic subjects, it caused an unexpected inhibition of the prolactin response in two of the hypothyroid subjects. Contrary to the findings in the healthy and hypothyroid subjects, somatostatin did not inhibit the GH response in the acromegalic patients. Normal inhibition by somatostatin of the insulin response, followed by a rebound in insulin secretion, was observed in all subjects. These preliminary data indicate increased sensitivity of the prolactin-secreting cells to somatostatin in hypothyroidism and suggest that decreased responsiveness of the somatotrophs to somatostatin could play a role in the pathogenesis of acromegaly.
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PMID:Effect of somatostatin on thyrotropin, prolactin, growth hormone and insulin responses to thyrotropin releasing hormone and arginine in healthy, hypothyroid and acromegalic subjects. 40 75

The effect of an iv load of individual amino acids (alanine, arginine, histidine, leucine, phenylalanine, and valine) on serum prolactin (Prl) and growth hormone (GH) concentrations was studied in healthy adult males (n = 5). A rise in both, Prl and GH with a maximal increment of 15.9 +/- 6.7 (SE) ng/ml, and 12.4 +/- 4.9 ng/ml above basal levels, respectively, (P less than 0.05) was observed after iv arginine. Following iv phenylalanine the mean peak level of Prl rose from 9.9 +/- 3.5 to 29.9 +/- 7.3 ng/ml (P less than 0.01), whereas GH concentration remained unchanged. Iv leucine however induced an immediate rise in GH, but not in serum Prl. Serum concentrations of both, Prl and GH, failed to increase upon the infusion of either alanine or histidine or valine. Additional somatostatin administration starting prior to amino acid infusion diminished the amino acid induced increase of both Prl and GH release.
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PMID:The influence of amino acids and somatostatin on prolactin and growth hormone release in man. 42 82

The effect of an acid extract of chicken hypothalami on the in vitro secretion of prolactin and growth hormone (GH) by dispersed chicken pituitary cells has been investigated. Both prolactin and GH release were stimulated in a dose related manner in the presence of the hypothalamic extract (HE). Somatostatin had no effect on the basal or HE stimulated release of prolactin although it did inhibit the HE induced release of GH.
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PMID:In vitro stimulation of chicken pituitary growth hormone and prolactin secretion by chicken hypothalamic extract. 44 85

The effect of intravenous somatostatin on blood levels of metabolites and hormones has been examined in normal subjects who performed a 30-minute period of bicycle exercises at 70% maximal exercise capacity. The results have been compared with control studies in the same subjects. Measurements were made of blood levels of lactate, glucose, free fatty acids, glycerol, acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, insulin, glucagon, growth hormone (hGH) and prolactin. Growth hormone and glucagon release were suppressed during exercise with somatostatin and there was a subsequent elevation during recovery. There was slight post-exercise depression of insulin, but no alteration of plasma prolactin secretion. Blood glucose was reduced during exercise with somatostatin and increased during recovery. The elevation of ketone bodies after exercise was greater in the investigation with somatostatin, but there were no significant changes in other metabolites. Somatostatin, although causing inhibition of hGH release, appeared to have no significant effect upon fatty acid mobilization during exercise.
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PMID:The effect of somatostatin on metabolic and hormonal changes during and after exercise. 47 77

Growth hormone (GH) secretion has been studied in two patients with the carcinoid syndrome during glucose loading and growth hormone-release inhibiting hormone (GHRIH, somatostatin) infusion. Both patients had elevated fasting GH levels which were not suppressed by glucose; GH levels fell rapidly during GHRIH infusion. One patient also had hyperprolactinaemia with galactorrhoea and the prolactin (PRL) levels were unaltered by GHRIH. The association between carcinoid tumours and abnormalities of GH and PRL secretion is discussed.
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PMID:Effect of somatostatin on abnormal growth hormone and prolactin secretion in patients with the carcinoid syndrome. 47 84

In normal subjects during 24-hours saline infusion, plasma prolactin showed a number of small rises during day and night. The mean night-time level was significantly higher than the day-time level (8.2 +/- 0.6 ng/ml as against 4.7 +/- 0.5 ng/ml). In 12 insulin-dependent diabetics the 24 h plasma prolactin pattern was identical to that found in normals. Somatostatin infusion (4 mg/24 h in normals; 2--6 mg/24 h in diabetics) had no effect on the 24 h plasma prolactin pattern in either normals or in diabetics.
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PMID:Plasma prolactin in juvenile diabetics. 24-h studies with somatostatin. 57 Jan 36

Hypothalamic catecholaminergic influences on prolactin release were investigated in vitro. Both dopamine and norepinephrine caused long lasting inhibition of prolactin release from either an isolated hemipituitary or a hemipituitary coincubated with a hypothalamus. Epinephrine also inhibited prolactin release. L-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) inhibited prolactin release from pituitaries in the presence of a hypothalamus but not in isolated pituitaries. DL-Threodihydroxyphenylserine (threodops), serotonin, 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP), tyramine, octopamine, synephrine, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH), and somatostatin all failed to alter prolactin release. Results confirm that dopamine and norepinephrine directly inhibit prolactin release from pituitary and suggest that the hypothalamic mechanism inhibiting prolactin involves dopamine but not norepinephrine.
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PMID:Hypothalamic catecholaminergic effects on prolactin release in vitro. 63 83


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