Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A moderately differentiated grade 2 invasive ductal carcinoma was diagnosed in the right breast of an 81-year-old woman. The uniform nuclear profiles and moderately abundant granular cytoplasm suggested a neuroendocrine tumour and a Grimelius stain was positive. Neurone specific enolase, synaptophysin and somatostatin stained positively, and casein was interpreted as positive although with some background staining. By electron microscopy, tumour cells possessed desmosomes, tonofibrils, intercellular lumina, lamina and dense granules. Rounded dense granules 160-480 nm in diameter resembled neuroendocrine granules. They were found in both luminal and basal areas. Fewer and much larger ('giant') granules had a rounded profile and were up to 5 microm across. The smaller cytoplasmic granules were mostly Grimelius-positive while giant granules were negative. The smaller granules were also uranaffin-positive, but no uranaffin-positive cytoplasmic giant granules were encountered. Both small and giant granules were observed in lumina, and here both were uranaffin-positive. Intraluminal giant granules had a substructure of small pale lipid-like lacunae, and some had irregular profiles. The exceptional size of these exocrine granules is emphasised, and the nature of both the small and giant granules discussed in this amphicrine carcinoma.
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PMID:Amphicrine carcinoma of breast with giant granules: an immunohistochemical, histochemical and ultrastructural study. 1198 54

The minor duodenal papilla, which is the orifice of the accessory, or dorsal, pancreatic duct/Santorini duct, mostly accompanied by pancreatic tissue, is situated about 2 cm ventroproximal to the major duodenal papilla. The patency of the terminal accessory pancreatic duct (APD) is recognized in about half or more of cases, and is related to the degree of fibrosis. The APD is lined with simple columnar epithelium and encircled by a smooth muscle layer. It is still controversial whether or not these muscle tissues comprise a sphincter muscle. Pancreatic tissue was found in about 80% of cases in the minor papilla. Among these cases, pancreatic tissue was continuous and/or closely related to the proper pancreas in about 40% of cases, and might have the same exocrine and endocrine morphologies/functions, suggesting that it is a portion of the dorsal pancreas and not an ectopic one. Endocrine cell micronests are frequently found in the ductal wall/surrounding area of the terminal APD, and predominantly consist of somatostatin- and/or pancreatic-polypeptide-containing cells. In cases of pancreas divisum, inadequate pancreatic juice drainage from the minor papilla might occur, resulting in dorsal pancreatitis. In the minor papilla, all ductal tumors may occur, such as an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and invasive ductal carcinoma, but carcinoid tumors are rare.
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PMID:Histopathology of the minor duodenal papilla. 2055 59

Radiolabeled somatostatin analogs for somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-targeted imaging and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) have demonstrated remarkable success in the management of SSTR-expressing neuroendocrine neoplasms. Primary neuroendocrine breast carcinoma is rare. Heterogeneous SSTR overexpression has also been documented in breast cancer, in both human breast cancer specimens and clinical studies. We report here a case of a 69-year-old woman who had both breast invasive ductal carcinoma and primary large-cell neuroendocrine breast carcinoma (Ki-67 proliferation index of 20%), with disseminated bone and lymph node metastases, demonstrating exceptional tracer uptake on Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT, and remarkably partial remission after Lu-DOTATOC PRRT.
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PMID:177Lu-DOTATOC Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in a Patient With Neuroendocrine Breast Carcinoma and Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma. 3220 79

A 54-year-old man with pancreatic head tumor had undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy and was diagnosed with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (P-NET) associated with sporadic multiple endocrine neoplasm type 1. Five years after the resection, P-NET recurred and liver metastases were observed. He was treated with a somatostatin analog. Eleven years after the resection, computed tomography revealed a new pancreatic hypodense and hypovascular mass adjacent to the P-NET that was diagnosed as pancreatic adenocarcinoma via endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration. He underwent a total remnant pancreatectomy. Pathological examination showed that the lesion was constituted by a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and a neuroendocrine tumor. Additionally, the invasive ductal carcinoma collided with the neuroendocrine tumor. Both PDAC and P-NET cells were observed in the collision area. We could observe the onset of PDAC during the treatment of P-NET. Moreover, we are the first to report the case of a collision of pancreatic endocrine and exocrine tumors diagnosed preoperatively.
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PMID:Collision of a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor associated with multiple endocrine neoplasm type 1. 3295 Nov 75