Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Smooth muscle specimens were taken from the lower esophageal sphincter of patients suffering from achalasia or hiatus hernia with gastro-esophageal reflux. The specimens were analysed for neurohormonal peptides using immunochemistry and immunocytochemistry. Control specimens were obtained from patients subjected to esophageal resection because of esophageal cancer. The concentration of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) was higher and the VIP nerve supply greater in patients with hiatus hernia than in control patients. The VIP nerve supply and the content of this peptide was lower in patients with achalasia than in controls. The same tendency was observed for substance P and enkephalin although the changes in their concentrations were not statistically significant. Enkephalin fibers were few, both in specimens from control patients and from patients with hiatus hernia; they could not be detected in specimens from patients with achalasia. Never fibers containing somatostatin or gastrin/cholecystokinin could not be detected in any of the groups and somatostatin and gastrin/cholecystokinin could not be measured in extracts of the lower esophageal sphincter. We propose that changes in the concentration of neuropeptides may at least contribute to manifestations of achalasia and of decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure and gastro-esophageal reflux.
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PMID:Regulatory peptides in the lower esophageal sphincter of man. 258 Dec 86

Esophago-respiratory fistulas (ERF) do not close spontaneously and are uniformly fatal. A somatostatin analogue (octreotide acetate) was used in three consecutive patients to promote the closure of ERF. In 2 patients with esophageal cancer, treatment with octreotide acetate was associated with fistula closure in 30 and 46 days, respectively. In a third patient with virally-induced ERF, treatment was associated with improvement of the inflammation of the fistula before the patient's death from pulmonary aspiration after 40 days of treatment. These preliminary observations suggest that octreotide acetate treatment of ERF should receive further investigative scrutiny.
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PMID:Nonsurgical closure of esophago-respiratory fistulas: role for the somatostatin analogue octreotide acetate? 807 30

Background. While the surface of a cell normally has some amount of somatostatin receptors, these receptors are overexpressed to a very high degree in multiple neoplastic diseases. No data exist for esophageal carcinoma. Purpose. To find out whether esophageal carcinoma could be imaged using somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. Material and Methods. 34 patients with esophageal lesions were prospectively examined by (99m)Tc-depreotide scintigraphy 2 and 4 hours after injection. Quantitative evaluation of (99m)Tc-depreotide uptake was performed around the lesion (T) and in healthy lung parenchyma (B). The relative uptake was calculated as T-B/B. Scintigraphy results were compared with histopathology from surgery or biopsy specimens from endoscopic ultrasonography. Results. 21 patients had esophageal cancer, and 13 lesions were benign. Visual assessment revealed positive (99m)Tc-depreotide uptake in 16 of the 21 cancers. The 13 patients without cancer had no depreotide uptake. The Mann-Whitney U test showed a statistically significant difference (P < .005) between (99m)Tc-depreotide uptake in malignant and benign lesions, for both the 2-hour and the 4-hour measurements. Conclusion. Scintigraphic examination with (99m)Tc-depreotide is feasible for imaging esophageal cancer, but the method is not suitable neither for screening or primary diagnosis, because of methods modest sensitivity. Our first results showed high specificity which should be used with caution, as the number of patients was relatively low. Further studies are needed to determine the role of the method.
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PMID:Feasibility of imaging esophageal cancer with labeled somatostatin analogue. 2171 46

Background. Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are over-expressed in several tumors making it possible for imaging with labelled SSTR. A previous study showed feasibility to image oesophageal cancer with SSTR analogue (99m)Tc-depreotide. Purpose. (1) To investigate expression of the SSTRs in different types of esophageal carcinoma and (2) to correlate such an expression with (99m)Tc-depreotide uptake in these lesions. Material and Methods. Total 28 patients (17 with esophageal cancer and 11 with Barrett's esophagus) were examined with (99m)Tc-depreotide scintigraphy. The SSTR2A, SSTR2B, SSTR3, and SSTR5 were analyzed immunohistochemically in the lesion samples. Results. Among the patients with adenocarcinoma 10/11 expressed different amounts of SSTRs, while SSTRs were absent in 5/6 patients with Squamous cell carcinoma (Sqcc). There was no correlation neither between the (99m)Tc-depreotide uptake and the amount of SSTRs nor between the amount of SSTRs and differentiation grade of the tumor. Conclusions. (1) SSTRs are expressed in esophageal carcinoma and more abundantly so in adenocancer specimens; (2) in vivo (99m)Tc-depreotide uptake does not obviously correlate with the immunohistochemically detection of SSTRs of different subtypes in esophageal carcinoma.
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PMID:Quantitative assessment of (99m)tc-depreotide uptake in oesophageal cancer and precursor conditions and its reflection in immunohistochemically detected somatostatin receptors. 2255 May 83