Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seven examples of a distinctive morphological variant of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder with intestinal features are reported. Four tumors were composed predominantly of goblet cells and absorptive columnar cells, two of which had, in addition, a few Paneth cells and neuroendocrine cells. Three neoplasms closely resembled colonic carcinoma, and one of these also contained neuroendocrine cells. Serotonin-immunoreactive cells were demonstrated in three of the seven intestinal-type adenocarcinomas, two of which also had cells that stained for somatostatin pancreatic polypeptide and cholecystokinin. Four adenocarcinomas were associated with cholelithiasis, and three with intestinal metaplasia of the uninvolved mucosa. Despite the well-differentiated character of all neoplasms and the deceptively benign microscopic appearance of two of them, three patients died with extension to the liver and metastasis. Of the two survivors, one had carcinoma in situ and the other had a carcinoma that extended only to the muscle layer of the gallbladder. The various cell phenotypes found in these gallbladder adenocarcinomas can be explained on the basis of intestinal differentiation.
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PMID:Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder. A clinicopathologic study of seven cases. 395 31

The authors report a case of a suspected pure pancreatic polypeptide-secreting neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder. The tumor was initially interpreted as an adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder, but was found to have a neuroendocrine component after review. The pathology supports the view that a primitive epithelial stem cell can express both epithelial and neuroendocrine characteristics and can differentiate into both an adenocarcinoma and a neuroendocrine carcinoma. Upon recurrence, the tumor produced symptoms due to local growth, but eventually metastasized and led to the death of the patient within 4 years. The patient was treated with chemoembolization followed by the long-acting somatostatin analog octreotide acetate. The high serum level of pancreatic polypeptide may have contributed to cholestasis and cholelithiasis. Earlier measurement of serum hormone levels and identification of high pancreatic polypeptide levels may have suggested the presence of residual tumor and led to closer follow-up, imaging studies, and therapy.
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PMID:Pancreatic polypeptide hypersecretion associated with a neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder. 989 73