Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The chronic effects of SMS 201-995 (SMS), a long-acting somatostatin analog, on the progression of renal failure in 3/4 subtotal nephrectomized rats (NPX) fed high protein meals (40% protein) were investigated. Rats were divided into four groups, [i.e., normal control (C) (n = 6), NPX control (NPX-C) (7), NPX treated with SMS 1.0 micrograms/day (SMS-1.0) (7) and SMS-10.0 (7)]. SMS was continuously administered s.c. via an osmotically driven pump for 8 weeks. SMS had no significant changes in either body weight or hematocrit levels for NPX groups. Systolic blood pressure in NPX rats showed similar elevations, but SMS had no distinct effect on it for them. Significant changes in urine volume, creatinine clearance, and urinary protein excretion were not obtained among the NPX rats. No significant changes of glomerular sclerosis index was found among the NPX rats. Mean planar area of glomeruli in NPX rats was significantly larger than in normal control rats. NPX treated with both 1.0 and 10.0 micrograms/day SMS had statistically smaller values compared with NPX control rats. It was concluded that the chronic administration of SMS reduced glomerular hypertrophy without altering renal functions in this experimental model.
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PMID:Reduced glomerular hypertrophy by somatostatin analog, SMS 201-995, in the subtotal nephrectomized rats fed high-protein meals. 173

Among other neuropeptides and neurohormones, growth hormone (GH) and somatostatin (SRIF) have been shown to modulate the development of glomerular injury in various renal diseases. In particular, GH is implicated in the induction of glomerular hypertrophy and sclerosis in partial nephrectomy and diabetic nephropathy. While GH effects on glomerular hypertrophy are likely mediated by insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), GH effects on glomerular sclerosis are independent of IGF-I. Those effects rather require multiple signaling pathways functioning in series, e.g. angiotensin II binding preceding transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) release, or pro-inflammatory factor release preceding repair/scarring processes. In contrast with GH, SRIF administration prevents the development of glomerular lesions in experimental diabetes, partial nephrectomy and immune glomerulonephritis. Inhibitory effects of SRIF on glomerular hypotrophy may be through a decrease in GH secretion and/or IGF-I expression or through a direct blockade of glomerular cell proliferation. The mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of SRIF are most likely a deactivation of inflammatory cells related in part to an upregulated response of these cells to glucocorticoids. Additional studies will be required to further define the role of GH and SRIF in the development of glomerular injury and, hence, to identify new targets for a therapeutic approach in glomerular diseases.
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PMID:Growth hormone and somatostatin in glomerular injury. 1020 98

A case of nephrotic syndrome complicated by acromegaly is presented. The first renal biopsy specimen showed minor glomerular abnormalities with glomerular hypertrophy, corresponding with minimal change nephrotic syndrome. Corticosteroid therapy led to a partial remission, followed by frequent relapses after reduction of the drug. A diagnosis of atypical focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) was made based on the second renal biopsy results 6 months after the first. We combined steroid therapy with the administration of an anticoagulant, cytotoxic agents, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and low-density lipoprotein adsorption. Except for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, these medications were not effective in terms of allowing a reduction in the high dosage of steroid, which in turn threatened progressive osteoporosis and lumbar vertebrae fracture. Administering the steroid at a moderate dosage, treatment was focused on the complicating acromegaly from pituitary microadenoma. Subcutaneous injections of octreotide acetate, a somatostatin analogue, reduced proteinuria and increased urine volume. Subsequent transsphenoidal microsurgery of the adenoma resulted in the normalization of the elevated creatinine clearance and the further reduction in steroid dosage while maintaining a remission state. This is the first reported clinical case with acromegaly followed by FSGS, and it is suggested that hypersecretion of growth hormone participates in the development and progression of glomerular disease.
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PMID:Effect of pituitary microsurgery on acromegaly complicated nephrotic syndrome with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: report of a rare clinical case. 1035 7