Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report a case of a 56-year-old male with a primary large cell neuroendocrine renal carcinoma. Grossly, the left kidney was enlarged by a solid tumor that measured 145 x 125 x 100 mm. Histologically, the tumor consisted of large cells with a moderate to abundant amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm. The nuclei were irregular, some of them with finely or coarsely granular chromatin, others with vesicular chromatin and prominent nucleoli. The tumor cells showed multiple mitotic figures (up to 32 mitoses/10 HPF). In some areas, the tumor cells were arranged in solid sheets; however, the predominant pattern was solid-alveolar, trabecular and cribriform. Large areas of tumor necrosis were found. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for synaptophysin, CD56 and CD57. Cytokeratin AE1/AE3, vimentin and CD10 were positive only focally. Chromogranin showed weak cytoplasmic positivity in rare tumor cells. Cytokeratin CAM5.2, cytokeratin 34betaE12, BerEP 4, EMA, TTF-1, cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 20, calretinin, serotonin, somatostatin, gastrin, calcitonin, glukagon and insulin were negative. Primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the kidney is a rare tumor. To the best of our knowledge, only 3 cases of a tumor of this type have been reported to date.
 ...
PMID:Primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the kidney. 1957 58

Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is a high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma, originally described in the lung. The tumor rarely occurs in extrapulmonary sites like the gastrointestinal tract, and only few examples have been described in the ampulla of Vater. A new case of large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater in a 60-year-old man is reported. After pancreatoduodenectomy, macroscopic examination revealed ulcerated tumor in the region of the ampulla of Vater. Microscopically, the tumor exhibited organoid, predominantly nested growth pattern, consisting of large, polygonal cells with pleomorphic nuclei. Average number of mitoses was 36 per 10 high-power fields. Small and large areas of necrosis were identified. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for synaptophysin, chromogranin A, PGP 9.5, neuron-specific enolase, pancytokeratin, CK8 and somatostatin and negative for CK7, CK20, S-100, TTF-1, HMB-45, CD117, E-cadherin and regulatory peptides. Ki-67 proliferative index was 41%. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) analysis showed almost identical results for HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3--60, 60.3 and 61%, respectively. Two months after surgery, liver metastases occurred, confirming highly aggressive behavior of large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.
 ...
PMID:Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater. 1989 74

A 75-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of abdominal fullness. Imaging modalities revealed multiple tumors in the liver, but did not detect other tumors. Endoscopic examination revealed an ulcerated tumor in the duodenum. Biopsies were obtained from the duodenal tumor and liver tumors. The duodenal biopsies revealed malignant cells of composite carcinoid and small cell carcinoma. The carcinoid component showed trabecular and ribbon features, and mitotic figures were seen in one per high power fields, thus fulfilling the criteria of typical carcinoid. By contrast, the small cell carcinoma component showed typical small cell carcinoma features. The liver biopsies showed typical small cell carcinoma. The tumors of both organs were argyrophilic. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells of both organs were negative for gastrin, somatostatin, serotonin, glucagon, and PP, being compatible with a non-functioning tumor. The duodenal and liver tumors were positive for pancytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen, chromogranin, synaptophysin, CD56, and neuron-specific enolase. By contrast, they were negative for S100 protein, CD45, CD20, CD3, TTF-1, and calcitonin. Cytokeratin 7 was positive in the carcinoid component but negative in the small cell carcinoma component. Cytokeratin 20 was negative in both components and in liver tumors. The Ki-67 labeling was 8% in the carcinoid element and 34% in the small cell carcinoma element in the duodenal tumor, and 38% in the hepatic tumors. The patient died of carcinomatosis 6 months after admission. These findings demonstrate a composite carcinoid and small cell carcinoma in the duodenum. A review of the literature in English language revealed no cases of composite carcinoid and small cell carcinoma in the duodenum.
 ...
PMID:Composite carcinoid and small cell carcinoma of the duodenum. 2064 74