Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diabetic nephropathy is a dangerous and insidious complication of diabetes mellitus. The course is variable and from the statistical point of view usually unfavorable. The pathogenesis of the complaint is not fully known. Of the numerous hypotheses, the one most favored is a defective glucose metabolism with uncontrolled inundation of the kidney cells with glucose. The predominant symptom is proteinuria. Early recognition and optimal correction of the metabolic disorder may possibly delay the manifestation of diabetic nephropathy for a time. The use of Somatostatin is attracting great attention today. With such a preparation, the stabilization of diabetes could be facilitated.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical aspects of diabetic nephroangiopathy (author's transl)]. 40 65

Metabolic disorders induced by impairment of renal parenchyma functions affect the activity of the endocrine cells of the APUD system, which are of importance in the intrinsic regulatory system in the digestive tract. For this reason, the author decided to investigate the behaviour of neuroendocrine cells in experimental uraemia, taking somatostatin-producing cells as an example. The aim of the present study was to examine the number and distribution of somatostatin-containing cells in the pylorus of rats with uraemia. Segments of the gastric pylorus were collected 1, 2 and 4 weeks after nephrectomy. Paraffin-embedded sections were stained with H+E and by silver impregnation. To identify the neuroendocrine cells, on immunohistochemical reaction was performed with a specific antibody against somatostatin. It was found that the number of ST-immunoreactive cells in the stomach of the rats significantly decreased one week after nephrectomy and then considerably increased two and four weeks after the uraemia-inducing surgery as compared with the values in the control animals. The results can be regarded as a morphological manifestation of the hyperreaction of somatostatin-producing endocrine cells in the rat stomach to disorders in the internal environment of the body induced by impairment of renal parenchyma function.
 ...
PMID:Quantitative characteristics of somatostatin-like cells in the stomach of uraemic rats. 1660 15

Gilbert's syndrome is a common inherited metabolic disorder, caused by genetic aberration in the enzyme UDP-glucuronosyl-transferase 1A1 that leads to reduced glucuronidation of bilirubin. Recent advances in molecular genetics have frequently reported the concurrence of dual genetic polymorphisms in UDP glucuronosyl-transferases 1A6 and 1A1 in patients with Gilbert's syndrome, leading to defective glucuronidation of bilirubin, as well as several other endogenous and exogenous substrates, such as serotonin. We present a case of Gilbert's syndrome with severe persistent hyperserotoninaemia, mimicking carcinoid syndrome, due to dual polymorphisms in UDP-glucuronosyl-transferases 1A1 and 1A6. The patient was treated with a long-acting somatostatin analogue (octreotide) for 8 months, resulting in a significant reduction in serum serotonin levels and immediate relief of the symptomatology, followed by a long-term remission. The frequent occurrence of hyperserotoninaemia in Gilbert's syndrome may contribute, at least partly, to the nonspecific symptomatology commonly seen in these patients and should be promptly evaluated.
 ...
PMID:Non tumoral hyperserotoninaemia responsive to octreotide due to dual polymorphism in UGT1A1 and UGT1A6. 2245 Mar 51

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, and the loss or dysfunction of pancreatic beta cells has been reported before the appearance of clinical symptoms and hyperglycemia. To evaluate beta cell mass (BCM) for improving the detection and treatment of DM at earlier stages, we focused on somatostatin receptors that are highly expressed in the pancreatic beta cells, and developed a positron emission tomography (PET) probe derived from octreotide, a metabolically stable somatostatin analog. Octreotide was conjugated with 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), a chelating agent, and labeled with (68)Gallium ((68)Ga). After intravenous injection of (68)Ga-DOTA-octreotide, a 90-min emission scan of the abdomen was performed in normal and DM model rats. The PET studies showed that (68)Ga-DOTA-octreotide radioactivity was highly accumulated in the pancreas of normal rats and that the pancreatic accumulation was significantly reduced in the rats administered with an excess amount of unlabeled octreotide or after treatment with streptozotocin, which was used for the chemical induction of DM in rats. These results were in good agreement with the ex vivo biodistribution data. These results indicated that the pancreatic accumulation of (68)Ga-DOTA-octreotide represented specific binding to the somatostatin receptors and reflected BCM. Therefore, PET imaging with (68)Ga-DOTA-octreotide could be a potential tool for evaluating BCM.
...
PMID:Positron emission tomography study on pancreatic somatostatin receptors in normal and diabetic rats with 68Ga-DOTA-octreotide: a potential PET tracer for beta cell mass measurement. 2422 Mar 38