Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have examined the occurrence and distribution of endocrine cells storing serotonin and the regulatory peptides somatostatin, glicentin, peptide YY in rectal mucosa on 16 patients with prolapse or intussusception of the rectum. There were no significant differences compared with normal rectal mucosa. Our results do not support the assumption that these endocrine cells of the rectum are involved in the pathophysiology of rectal prolapse.
 ...
PMID:Endocrine cells in the human colorectal mucosa: immunocytochemical observations on patients with prolapse or internal procidentia of the rectum. 288 22

A total of 32 histologically documented cases of heterotopic pancreas was found in a review of the records of the department of pathology at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 1977 and 1987. This review was done to ascertain the clinical significance of this uncommon entity. In 14 patients (44%), the aberrant pancreatic tissue was symptomatic; in the other 18 (56%), it was found incidentally. In the symptomatic group, the heterotopic pancreatic tissue was found in a duplication cyst of the ileum in one patient, in the common bile duct in one, in a Meckel's diverticulum in four, in the stomach in three, in a congenital duodenal diaphragm in one, in the duodenum in three, and in the ileum in one. The majority of heterotopic pancreatic tissue in the asymptomatic group was encountered in the jejunum (15 patients). Symptoms were related to complications, including obstruction of the common bile duct, mucosal ulcer with hemorrhage, intussusception, and intestinal obstruction, but not to pathologic conditions of the pancreas itself, such as pancreatitis or pancreatic cyst or neoplasm. In all of the clinically significant cases, the clinical symptoms disappeared completely after surgical removal of the aberrant tissue. In 28 cases (87%), diagnosis was made by frozen section during operation. Preoperative diagnosis of aberrant pancreas was not made in any of the cases. Histologically, all cases showed pancreatic excretory ducts; in 31 cases (97%), exocrine glands were present, and in 27 cases (84%), islets of Langerhans were discernible. There was no relationship between symptoms and the presence of islets, acini, or ducts. Mallory's phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin stain was used to demonstrate zymogen granules in the acinar cells, and insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin were demonstrated with the horseradish peroxidase-antihorseradish peroxidase immunocytochemical staining technique; islets of Langerhans were also identified. Technetium Tc 99m scintigraphy was used to detect the bleeding source in a Meckel's diverticulum and an enteric duplication associated with ectopic gastric mucosa.
 ...
PMID:Pancreatic heterotopia: a reappraisal and clinicopathologic analysis of 32 cases. 305 29

The mortality for pancreatectomy has decreased to a very low level in recent years but morbidity remains high. The most frequent post-operative complications of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) are delayed gastric emptying (DGE) in 20% and pancreatic fistula (PF) in 10-15%. DGE is associated with other abdominal complications in half the cases; these must be delineated by CT scan and specifically treated. Isolated DGE usually resolves within three weeks with the use of nasogastric suction and pro-kinetic drugs. FP following PD may be preventable with the use of temporary trans-jejunal intubation of Wirsung's duct or by intussusception of the pancreatic margin into the jejunal lumen. FP occurring after PD will heal with conservative management (total parenteral nutrition, peripancreatic drainage, somatostatin analogues) in 80-90% of cases but secondary complications such as peritonitis, arterial erosion and pseudo-aneurysm may be life-threatening. Early hemorrhage (in the first 48-72 hours) must be treated by re-operation. Late hemorrhage (usually secondary to PF) and ischemic complications are rare (3% and 1% respectively), difficult to treat, and associated with high mortality. PF is also the main complication of distal pancreatectomy and enucleation of pancreatic tumors (10-20% and 30% respectively). These PF resolve with conservative treatment in more than 95% of cases but may justify an ERCP sphincterotomy if drainage is prolonged. After medial pancreatectomy, PF occurs in 20-30% of cases, arising from either of the two transected pancreatic surfaces.
 ...
PMID:[Surgical complications of pancreatectomy]. 1864 49