Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chylous ascites is the accumulation of chylomicronrich lymphatic fluid within the peritoneal cavity. It is a rare complication of retroperitoneal surgery, and may occur spontaneously in 0.5% of patients with cirrhosis. Its management is controversial, and despite a variety of treatment options with limited efficacy, the course is usually indolent. In this article, we report a case of rapid resolution of chylous ascites after liver transplantation following 10 days of treatment using somatostatin analog (Octreotide, 100 micrograms sc. t.i.d.) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). A 55-year-old man underwent liver transplantation for hepatitis C cirrhosis, and developed an infected chylous fistula on the 10th day. Treatment by fasting, TPN, and somatostatin analog resulted in a rapid falloff in fistula output, with complete resolution of ascites within 2 days. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of somatostatin analog and TPN used in combination for rapid and successful closure of a chylous fistula.
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PMID:Rapid resolution of chylous ascites after liver transplantation using somatostatin analog and total parenteral nutrition. 862 7

Chylous ascites is a rare form of ascites and generally associated with a poor outcome since it is often secondary to neoplasms. Its true incidence is not well established in the general medico-surgical population. Any source of lymph vessels obstruction or leakage can potentially cause chylous effusions in the peritoneal or retroperitoneal cavities. Any type of cancer and lymph node involvement may be associated with this uncommon type of ascites. Traumatic, and mainly surgical, vessels leakage is the second most common source of chylous effusions. Other even more rare underlying conditions have been described as leading to chyloperitoneum. Large fluid volume losses together with proteins, and lymphocytes can induce additional morbidity in a previously debilitated population or severely ill patients. This includes organ dysfunction related to volume and electrolytes losses, but mainly secondary infections due to impaired immunity by antibodies and lymphocytes depletion. Even if a vast majority of chylous effusions shall heal spontaneously, early and full treatment has to be initiated in order to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with this condition. Adapted oral diet is to be introduced to reduce lymph flow. Low lipid, high medium-chain triglycerides alimentation is the first measure to implement. Total parenteral nutrition is to be reserved to failures of oral diet. In addition, paracentesis is indicated to improve patient comfort, reduce intra-adbominal pressure and secondary renal dysfunction. Somatostatin analogues have been demonstrated to be effective in reducing lymphorragia and may be proposed prior to consider the surgical approach. Direct lymph vessels ligation can be indicated for large lymph vessels leakage demonstrated by radiologic techniques and when medical treatment has failed. Peritoneo-venous shunt becomes a less common technique in refractory chylous effusion because of its high morbidity. Herein, the other causes of chylous effusions are reviewed as the diagnostic procedures. A treatment algorythm is proposed.
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PMID:Chylous ascites: diagnosis, causes and treatment. 1118 82

Chyloperitoneum is a rare and challenging complication of abdominal surgery. We report a case of iatrogenic chyloperitoneum. Infusion of octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, together with total parenteral nutrition followed by medium chain triglyceride diet resulted in rapid resolution of chyloperitoneum. We believe this to be the first report of successful use of octreotide in iatrogenic chyloperitoneum in a child.
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PMID:Octreotide therapy: a new horizon in treatment of iatrogenic chyloperitoneum. 1151 7

Chylous ascites is an uncommon entity with variable causes and rarely arises from portal vein thrombosis. This is a case report of chylous ascites caused by idiopathic portal vein thrombosis that was refractory to medical therapy and shunt surgery, which showed an impressive response to treatment with subcutaneous octreotide. We review the literature on chylous ascites with particular reference to the role of somatostatin analogs in the management of this rare condition.
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PMID:Chylous ascites caused by portal vein thrombosis treated with octreotide. 1297 13

Chylous ascites is a rare disorder with variables causes. Herein, the authors report a case of refractory chylous ascites after Kasai operation for biliary atresia, which was treated successfully with subcutaneous octreotide, a synthetic somatostatin analogue. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report in the English-language literature of post-Kasai chylous ascites being successfully treated with subcutaneous octreotide in parallel with the continuation of enteral feeding.
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PMID:Resolution of refractory chylous ascites after Kasai portoenterostomy using octreotide. 1561 36

Chylous ascites, a rare complication in patients receiving continuous peritoneal dialysis, often presents with turbid dialysate. This characteristic makes it frequently confused with peritonitis. Conservative treatments including bowel rest and dietary intervention with medium chain triglycerides are advised by many authors in the literature. However, this approach usually takes a long time before the lymphorrhagia are eventually resolved. Here, a case of chylous ascites that was successfully treated with subcutaneous octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, is reported. By shortening the bowel rest period, this treatment avoids the nutritional and immunological adverse effects. A series of peritoneal equilibrium tests were performed after administration of octreotide and the results showed that octreotide did not alter the peritoneal function in the short term. Therefore, subcutaneous octreotide administration is a safe and effective therapy in peritoneal dialysis patient with chylous ascites.
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PMID:Octreotide therapy for chylous ascites in a chronic dialysis patient. 1610 79

Chylous ascites is a rare complication following liver transplantation. A variety of treatment options have been proposed for the management of chylous ascites; however, their effectiveness following a liver transplant is unknown. A 40-year-old woman who underwent living donor liver transplantation for primary biliary cirrhosis developed chylous ascites 21 days after the transplant. A conventional treatment consisting of a low-fat diet with total parenteral nutrition failed to treat the complication for 104 days. However, the use of somatostatin in combination with total parenteral nutrition resulted in a rapid falloff in chyle output without any adverse effects. Somatostatin and total parenteral nutrition are an effective option for the treatment of chylous ascites after living donor liver transplantation.
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PMID:Successful management of chylous ascites after living donor liver transplantation with somatostatin. 1817 63

Chylous ascites are the accumulation of chylomicron-rich lymphatic fluid within the peritoneal cavity, resulting from obstruction or disruption of abdominal lymphatic channels. This rare condition may be associated with neoplastic or infectious infiltration of lymphatics, with pancreatitis, and with abdominal surgery. It may occur spontaneously in 0.5% of patients with cirrhosis; but only among a few liver transplantation cases. The management of chylous ascites is controversial; the variety of described treatments include repeated paracentesis, dietary control, peritoneovenous shunting, and surgical ligation of the disrupted lymphatic channels. In this article, we report 2 cases of rapid resolution of chylous ascites after liver transplantation following 5 days of treatment using a somatostatin analog and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). A 3.5-year-old girl and a 5-year-old girl underwent living related liver transplantation for biliary atresia and hepatoblastoma, respectively. Chylous ascites, diagnosed by ascitic fluid examination, developed within the 2 weeks after transplantation in the 2 cases. Treatment by fasting, TPN, and somatostatin analog resulted in rapid resolution of the ascites within 1 week. The prevalence of chylous ascites was noted in 1.6% of children (2/119) after liver transplantation. These cases highlight the use of somatostatin analog and parenteral nutrition in chylous ascites after liver transplantation.
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PMID:Chylous ascites after living related liver transplantation treated with somatostatin analog and parenteral nutrition. 1826 17

Chylous ascites as a result of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) is a rare complication that carries significant morbidity, including severe protein-calorie malnutrition and an associated immunocompromised state. We report a patient who underwent hand-assisted left LDN and subsequently developed chylous ascites. He failed conservative therapy including low-fat diet with medium-chain triglycerides (LFD/MCT) and oral protein supplementation as well as strict NPO status with intravenous (IV) total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and subcutaneous (SQ) somatostatin analogue administration. Laparoscopic re-exploration and intracorporeal suture ligation and clipping of leaking lymph channels successfully sealed the chyle leak. We review the literature to date including diagnosis, incidence, management options, psychosocial aspects and clinical outcomes of chylous ascites after LDN.
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PMID:Chylous ascites requiring surgical intervention after donor nephrectomy: case series and single center experience. 1995 36

Chylous ascites is the accumulation of lipid-rich lymph in the peritoneal cavity. The usual cause in adults is lymphatic obstruction or leakage caused by malignancy. Non-malignant causes include postoperative trauma, cirrhosis, tuberculosis, pancreatitis and filariasis. A variety of treatment options have been proposed for the management of chylous ascites; however, their effectiveness in idiopathic or primary form is unknown. Here we report a case of chylous acid rapidly resolved with the treatment of fasting, total parenteral nutrition and somatostatin analogue.
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PMID:Idiopathic chylous ascites treated with total parenteral nutrition and octreotide. A case report and review of the literature. 2181 13


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