Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P61278 (somatostatin)
 22,083 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy of long acting somatostatin analogue, octreotide acetate (SMS 201-995) on the caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis and on the regeneration of the gland was examined. The effect of the drug on the acute injury was examined at 6 and 24 hours following the intervention, while the regeneration was examined on Day 3 and Day 5 in all cases by determination of plasma amylase levels and by analysis of the pancreatic tissue. The use of octreotide could not counteract the occurrence of acute pancreatitis, however, it has some benefit as seen by it's ability to moderate the increases of serum amylase levels. During the examination of pancreatic regeneration it was found that the weight of the pancrease decreased and this was not affected by octreotide. As a matter of fact, the octreotide coadministered with caerulein counteracted the caerulein-induced increase of pancreatic DNA content and therefore acted against the reactive pancreatic hyperplasia. Thus long term administration of octreotide in acute pancreatic injury may not be rational.
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PMID:The effect of the long-acting somatostatin analogue octreotide on caerulein-induced pancreatic injuries in rats. 753 97

Pancreatic reaction after endoscopic papillosphincterotomy (EPT) is a common event occurring in about 70% of cases. Acute pancreatitis may also develop in 1%-6% of cases. Previous attempts to prevent this reaction with an inhibitor of exocrine pancreatic secretion such as somatostatin provided conflicting results. The somatostatin long-acting analogue octreotide has recently proposed for the prevention of ERCP/EPT-induced pancreatic reaction. Therefore we tested the prophylactic effect of a subcutaneous administration of octreotide in two different dosages in 60 consecutive patients undergoing EPT for common bile duct stones and benign papillary stenosis. They were given either octreotide 0.2 mg (20 cases), or octreotide 0.1 mg (20 cases), or placebo (20 cases) before the procedure. Serum amylase levels were determined at baseline and 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours thereafter. The differences were statistically significant at 2 hours between subjects pretreated with octreotide 0.2 mg and control subjects (p = 0.01); at 4 and 8 hours after the procedure between both octreotide-treated groups and control subjects (octreotide 0.1 mg: p < 0.05, at 4 and 8 hrs; octreotide 0.2 mg: p = 0.01, at 4 hrs, and p < 0.01, at 8 hrs). In patients with previous episodes of relapsing pancreatitis, the increase in serum amylase was significantly reduced in the octreotide 0.2 mg group vs control group, at 4 hrs (p < 0.05) and 8 hrs (p < 0.05). Our data suggest that octreotide 0.2 mg has a greater prophylactic efficacy than 0.1 mg in reducing pancreatic reaction after EPT.
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PMID:Controlled trial of different dosages of octreotide in the prevention of hyperamylasemia induced by endoscopic papillosphincterotomy. 754 Dec 58

During the last 15 years, a total of 26 patients were treated for pancreatic pseudocysts, at the 2nd Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, University of Athens. There were 16 (61.5%) men and 10 (38.5%) women aged between 19 and 82 years old (mean age 61 years). Dominating symptoms in most patients were epigastric mass and pain, nausea, vomiting, mild fever and leucocytosis, and persistent elevation of serum amylase. Imaging studies, such as ultrasound, CT scan, and ERCP, were mostly helpful in establishing diagnosis. In most cases, attack of acute pancreatitis preceded with the exception of two cases where there was chronic pancreatitis and another which was post-traumatic. Rapid progression of underlying pancreatitis led to urgent laparotomy in two patients (7.7%). Elective surgery was performed in 22 patients (84.6%), 1-7 months after onset of pancreatitis (median 2 months). Selection of operative procedure depended on the patient and cyst condition. Cystogastrostomy was performed in 18 patients (69.2%), cystojejunostomy in three patients (11.5%), and external drainage in three patients (11.5%). There were three postoperative deaths (11.5%). Haemorrhage and infection were the main complications. Percutaneous drainage was performed in two cases (7.7%) (one for a cyst remnant after an operative procedure), and medical treatment with somatostatin in another case (3.8%) with excellent clinical results. In conclusion, conservative treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts has good clinical results, but it is not always indicated. Surgical drainage remains the preferred method of treatment.
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PMID:Therapeutic strategies for pancreatic pseudocysts. 761 75

Somatostatin was first suggested for the treatment of acute pancreatitis more than 15 years ago but despite many studies, its role in the management of this condition remains unclear. The experimental and clinical studies are reviewed and the physiological actions of somatostatin, which may influence the course of acute pancreatitis are examined. It is concluded that although some reports suggest a trend towards improved survival and lessened complication rate with somatostatin treatment, insufficient evidence of benefit exists to support the use of somatostatin or its analogue in the treatment or prophylaxis against acute pancreatitis in routine clinical practice.
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PMID:Somatostatin and somatostatin analogues--are they indicated in the management of acute pancreatitis? 790 12

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis remains controversial. Activation of digestive enzymes in the pancreas may play an important role in the course of this disease. Therefore, the inhibition of enzyme secretion may be a possible treatment concept. However, it is not clear whether pancreatic secretion continues during the course of acute pancreatitis. In the present paper experimental and clinical studies are reviewed to evaluate the effect of somatostatin and octreotide treatment in acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:Potential role of somatostatin and octreotide in the management of acute pancreatitis. 790 65

L-Asparaginase-induced pancreatitis is an uncommon but potentially lethal complication. An 8-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia developed acute pancreatitis following treatment with asparaginase. Clinical and laboratory improvements were evident after treatment with somatostatin, with no complications of pancreatitis. Induction therapy for the leukaemia was able to be continued and complete remission was documented during the course of pancreatitis and somatostatin treatment, suggesting a beneficial role of somatostatin in the management of asparaginase-induced pancreatitis.
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PMID:Somatostatin therapy in L-asparaginase-induced pancreatitis. 790 15

Acute pancreatitis is caused by the activation of digestive enzymes in the pancreas and a possible treatment, therefore, is the inhibition of enzyme secretion. This approach is somewhat controversial, however, as it is not clear whether pancreatic secretion continues to occur during the course of acute pancreatitis. Animal studies show an appreciable reduction of secretion in the inflamed pancreas, but studies in humans are not conclusive. The use of somatostatin or its analogue, octreotide, has been investigated in several clinical studies. A meta analysis of six individual studies in which somatostatin was given for acute pancreatitis showed that somatostatin significantly reduces mortality. A trial in patients with moderate to severe acute pancreatitis showed a lower rate (although not statistically significant) of complications in patients treated with 3 x 200 and 3 x 500 micrograms/day octreotide, compared with controls and patients receiving a lower dose of octreotide. A further study showed a significant reduction in patient controlled analgesics in patients treated with octreotide compared with controls. Pain is the important clinical symptom of chronic pancreatitis, possibly resulting from an increased intraductal pressure during secretion. The effect on pain of the inhibition of pancreatic secretion by octreotide has been investigated in two studies. One showed no significant reduction in pain after treatment with octreotide for three days. In the other, in which octreotide was used for three weeks, significantly less pain and analgesic use was recorded during octreotide treatment than during placebo. The most common complication of chronic pancreatitis is the formation of pseudocysts. There is some evidence that octreotide may be useful in their treatment.
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PMID:Role of somatostatin and its analogues in the treatment of acute and chronic pancreatitis. 791 42

A prospective, controlled, and randomized clinical study was carried out with the purpose of evaluating the influence of somatostatin in the evolution of acute pancreatitis. One hundred patients were randomly divided into two groups, a control group (n = 50 patients) and a somatostatin group (n = 50 patients to whom a dosage of 250 micrograms/h was administered for 48 h following a bolus of 250 micrograms at the beginning of therapy). The two groups were homogeneous in age, sex, etiology, and severity of clinical picture (on admission). The following parameters were compared in the two groups: 1. Evolution of the Computerized Axial Tomography (CT) findings on admission and after 48 h; 2. Length of hospital stay; 3. Need for surgery; and 4. Mortality. The results from the CT scans showed a significant statistical difference in favor of somatostatin regarding the evolution of pancreatic lesions and length of stay in the hospital. Another study using a larger sample would be required in order to evaluate the rest of the parameters.
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PMID:Influence of somatostatin in the evolution of acute pancreatitis. A prospective randomized study. 791 94

A case of acute pancreatitis in the second trimester of pregnancy is described. The literature shows a maternal mortality of 37% on and a perinatal mortality of 37.9%. Medical management with somatostatin was conducted, in addition to usual therapy. The result was positive; the patient was delivered by cesarian section at term of pregnancy. The newborn showed normal anthropometric measures.
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PMID:[Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy treated with somatostatin. A case report]. 799 Nov 84

The management of acute pancreatitis (AP) is symptomatic and is adjusted to the clinical course of the disease, which is assessed by different clinical variables, laboratory findings as well as by contrast-medium-enhanced computed tomography. The therapy of AP consists of a general basic treatment (fluid substitution, antibiotics, etc.) and additional measures according to intensive-care principles. Antisecretory substances such as glucagon, calcitonin and somatostatin are ineffective; the value of peritoneal lavage and early ERCP with EPT as standard treatment is still under debate. Surgical treatment is only indicated if the clinical course worsens various of the supportive measures.
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PMID:[Therapy of acute pancreatitis]. 805 74


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