Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P56851 (epididymal)
 11,273 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to investigate the role of pericytes (PCs) at microvascular level, a PC line from rat epididymal fat pads was isolated and its prostanoid production in culture was further examined. PC cultures were characterized morphologically by phase contrast and electron microscopy. PC prostanoid production was compared with that of a smooth muscle cell (SMC) line isolated from bovine aorta. The same PGI2 production magnitude was assayed in PC and SMC cultures, but TXA2 and PGF2 alpha synthesis was 8-10 times higher in the PC line. At 4-day postconfluence, when PC layers started retraction, prostanoid synthesis was significantly lower than at confluence. Histamine and bradykinin (both 100 nM) acted similarly, increasing the PGI2 basal production of PC cultures. The results argue for a possible contractile role of PCs at microvascular level.
 ...
PMID:Culture of pericytes isolated from rat adipose microvasculature and characterization of their prostanoid production. 306 95

Histamine-sensitizing factor (HSF) purified from Bordetella pertussis induced specifically the release of glycerol from rat epididymal adipocytes in vitro. The most sensitive and reproducible results were obtained by using 1 to 2 x 10(5) adipocytes/tube from rats weighing 150 to 200 g, and by incubation at 37 C for 180 min. After a lag period of about 60 min, HSF-treated adipocytes released glycerol in increasing amounts between 60 and 240 min, depending on the dose of HSF. A close correlation between the glycerol-releasing (GR) activity of HSF for adipocytes and histamine-sensitizing or leukocytosis-promoting activity in mice was observed. The GR activity was inactivated by heating at 56 C for 60 min, 63 C for 30 min or 96 C for 10 min. The adipocytes washed out with a Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer immediately after being exposed to HSF for 1 to 3 min manifested about 75% of the total GR activity induced by HSF, and those washed out after being exposed for 30 min or longer had full activity. Anti-HSF serum neutralized the activity when it was added to adipocytes simultaneously with HSF, but did not when it was added 30 min after being exposed to HSF. By using both native and 125 I-labeled HSF, the ratio of binding of HSF to adipocytes was estimated to be 10 to 15% of the total HSF per 2 x 10(5) cells/tube, and to be about 1,000 molecules of HSF per cell to induce the release of glycerol. The GR activity induced with 10 ng of HSF was inhibited by addition of insulin at a dose of over 1 micro IU/tube, but not by concanavalin A.
 ...
PMID:Glycerol-releasing activity of histamine-sensitizing factor of Bordetella pertussis for rat adipocytes in vitro. 629 84

Histamine synthesis in male reproductive tissues remains largely unknown. The interaction between stem cell factor and its receptor, c-Kit, has been found to be essential for the maturation of male germ cells and peripheral mast cells. Based on this analogy, we investigated the expression of histidine decarboxylase (HDC), the rate-limiting enzyme of histamine synthesis, in mouse male germ cells. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that HDC is localized in the acrosomes of spermatids and spermatozoa. In the testis, epididymis, and spermatozoa, a significant amount of histamine and HDC activity were detected. W/W(V) mice, known to lack most of their germ cells in the seminiferous tubules, were found to lack HDC protein expression as well as HDC activity in the testis. An in vitro acrosome reaction induced by a calcium ionophore, caused the release of histamine from epididymal spermatozoa. Our observations indicate that histamine is produced in and released from the acrosomes.
 ...
PMID:Expression of L-histidine decarboxylase in mouse male germ cells. 1182 77

Hypothalamic neuronal histamine and its H(1) receptor (H(1)-R) form a part of the leptin-signaling pathway in the brain and have been shown to regulate body weight and adiposity in diabetic (db/db) and diet-induced obese mice by affecting food intake and uncoupling protein mRNA expression. The proopiomelanocortin (POMC) melanocortin-4 receptor (MC-4R) is also important for leptin signaling. The present study had two aims: first, to clarify the antiobesity action of neuronal histamine in agouti yellow (A(y)/a) obese mice, a model of obesity in which POMC/MC-4R signaling is disrupted by blockade of MC-4R and second, to investigate the functional relationship between neuronal histamine and POMC/MC-4R signaling. Central administration of histamine into the lateral cerebroventricle decreased cumulative food intake and body weight in A(y)/a obese mice. Histamine treatment also decreased mRNA expression of ob gene in epididymal white adipose tissue and up-regulated uncoupling protein 1 mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue. These effects were attenuated in A(y)/a obese mice with histamine H(1)-receptor (H(1)-R) knockout. Histamine treatment induced c-Fos-like immunoreactivity in both paraventricular and arcuate nucleus. There was no significant difference in histamine-induced c-Fos-like immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus between A(y)/a obese mice and lean littermates, indicating histamine signaling was not disrupted at the hypothalamic level in A(y)/a obese mice. These results suggest that neuronal histamine have an antiobese action, even in A(y)/a obese mice despite a deficiency in POMC/MC-4R signaling. In addition, it appears that the histamine H(1)-R signaling pathway may be independent or downstream of the POMC/MC-4R signaling.
 ...
PMID:Neuronal histamine regulates food intake, adiposity, and uncoupling protein expression in agouti yellow (A(y)/a) obese mice. 1274 38