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Query: UNIPROT:P56851 (epididymal)
 11,273 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hypophysectomy decreased the basal rate of glucose metabolism in segments of epididymal fat studied in vitro and lowered their maximum capacity to use glucose. However, hypophysectomy changed neither the sensitivity to insulin nor the magnitude of the response when the results were expressed relative to the basal rate of glucose metabolism. Adipocytes isolated from both hypophysectomized and normal rats exhibited a higher basal rate of glucose metabolism than cells remaining in situ in the contralateral tissues, but this consequence of cell isolation was more pronounced for adipocytes of hypophysectomized than normal rats. Glucose metabolism could not be further increased by exposure of the adipocytes of hypophysectomized rats to insulin, whereas insulin produced a 3-to 5-fold stimulation of glucose oxidation in normal adipocytes. The effects of insulin and hypophysectomy on the transport of the nonmetabolizable sugar L-[1-14C]arabinose in tissue segments and isolated adipocytes were also studied. Uptake of L-arabinose was usually more rapid in segments of epididymal fat of normal rats than in segments of tissue obtained from hypophysectomized rats and was significantly accelerated by insulin in both groups. Uptake of L-arabinose was more rapid than normal in adipocytes isolated from hypophysectomized rats and, like glucose metabolism, could not be accelerated by insulin. The same concentration of insulin markedly promoted arabinose uptake in normal adipocytes. Efflux of L-arabinose from segments of tissue from hypophysectomized rats was twice as rapid as that from normal tissue and, in contrast with the rate of efflux from normal tissues, was not accelerated by insulin. The data suggest that in the absence of pituitary secretion, sugar transport in the adipocyte membrane may be asymmetrical. The data also support the view that hypophysectomy renders adipocytes more susceptible than normal to the cell isolation procedure which maximally accelerates glucose utilization and inward transport of arabinose in these cells.
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PMID:Effects of hypophysectomy and cell isolation on the transport of L-arabinose by adipocytes. 388 May 39

Immobilin, the highly viscoelastic glycoprotein isolated from rat cauda epididymal fluid, exhibits all of the key biochemical characteristics of a mucin: 1) it has a very high molecular weight (will not pass through a 10(6) dalton cut-off filter; 2) it contains 56% carbohydrate, with low or undetectable levels of mannose, xylose and uronic acid; 3) the carbohydrates (primarily galactose, N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine) are arranged in short, oligosaccharide chains (4-20 monosaccharides per chain); 4) these oligosaccharide chains can be cleaved by NaOH in the presence of NaBH4, suggesting O-glycosidic linkages; and 5) the protein core is pronase-resistant. Immobilin, however, contains no detectable sialic acid, and 67% of the oligosaccharides are uncharged, indicating that immobilin is less acidic than most other mucins.
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PMID:Rat cauda epididymal fluid is a mucus. 405 30

The effect of adebit (N-butylbiguanide) on the rat tissues in vitro, namely, on sugar consumption and transport, glucose oxidation, as well as on gluconeogenesis in the rat organism, was studied. Glucose consumption and D-xylose transport in the diaphragms of intact animals and glucose consumption and oxidation in the epididymal fat of rats, given hydrocortisone, were determined. Gluconeogenesis intensity under adebit action was investigated according to the blood sugar level following adrenaline injections to rats after 24-hour fasting. It was established that the administration of adebit at concentrations of 0.2 to 0.5 mM results in intensified insulin-independent glucose consumption and xylose transport in the diaphragm, the maximum transport rate being augmented and the dissociation constant remaining unchanged. It is concluded that adebit does not change the properties of sugar transmitter, but influences the cell metabolism by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation. The use of adebit in therapeutic concentrations (5 to 10 mcM) gave an insulin-dependent rise of glucose consumption and oxidation in the fatty tissue by 44%. A decrease in the blood sugar level in the presence of adrenaline hyperglycemia under the action of adebit therapeutic doses was not observed. It is concluded that biguanide hypoglycemizing action in diabetes mellitus is based on the biguanide potentiated insulin effectiveness.
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PMID:[Effect of adebit (N-butylbiguanide) on the metabolism and oxidation of glucose in rat tissues in vitro]. 651 86

L-Arabinose is a natural, poorly absorbed pentose that selectively inhibits intestinal sucrase activity. To investigate the effects of L-arabinose feeding on lipogenesis due to its inhibition of sucrase, rats were fed 0-30 g sucrose/100 g diets containing 0-1 g L-arabinose/100 g for 10 d. Lipogenic enzyme activities and triacylglycerol concentrations in the liver were significantly increased by dietary sucrose, and arabinose significantly prevented these increases. Arabinose feeding reduced the weights of epididymal adipose tissue. Moreover, plasma insulin and triacylglycerol concentrations were significantly reduced by dietary L-arabinose. These findings suggest that L-arabinose inhibits intestinal sucrase activity, thereby reducing sucrose utilization, and consequently decreasing lipogenesis.
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PMID:L-arabinose feeding prevents increases due to dietary sucrose in lipogenic enzymes and triacylglycerol levels in rats. 1123 61

Construction of a multipurpose yeast consortium suitable for lipid production, textile dye/effluent removal and lignin valorization is critical for both biorefinery and bioremediation. Therefore, a novel oleaginous consortium, designated as OYC-Y.BC.SH has been developed using three yeast cultures viz. Yarrowia sp. SSA1642, Barnettozyma californica SSA1518 and Sterigmatomyces halophilus SSA1511. The OYC-Y.BC.SH was able to grow on different carbon sources and accumulate lipids, with its highest lipid productivity (1.56 g/L/day) and lipase activity (170.3 U/mL) exhibited in xylose. The total saturated fatty acid content was 36.09 %, while the mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fatty acids were 45.44 and 18.30 %, respectively, making OYC-Y.BC.SH valuable for biodiesel production. The OYC-Y.BC.SH showed its highest decolorization efficiency of Red HE3B dye (above 82 %) in presence of sorghum husk as agricultural co-substrate, suggesting its feasibility for simultaneous lignin valorization. The significant higher performance of OYC-Y.BC.SH on decolorizing the real dyeing effluent sample at pH 8.0 suggests its potential and suitability for degrading most of the wastewater textile effluents. Clearly, toxicological studies underline the additional advantage of using OYC-Y.BC.SH for bioremediation of industrial dyeing effluents in terms of decolorization and detoxification. A possible mechanism of Red HE3B biodegradation and ATP synthesis was also proposed.
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PMID:Valorizing lignin-like dyes and textile dyeing wastewater by a newly constructed lipid-producing and lignin modifying oleaginous yeast consortium valued for biodiesel and bioremediation. 3279 77