Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P56851 (epididymal)
 11,273 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Attention was recently drawn to differences in the fatty acid pattern of liver phospholipids and triglycerides in animal models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The present study extends this knowledge to epididymal or parametrial adipose tissue lipids. The fatty acid pattern of such lipids was established in four fed female normal rats, four overnight fasted female normal rats, six fed female rats rendered diabetic by an injection of streptozotocin 3 days before sacrifice (STZ rats), and four female and four male Goto-Kakizaki rats (GK rats) also examined in the fed or fasted state. In addition to the fasting-induced and diabetes-related changes in plasma D-glucose and insulin concentrations, differences in either the weight percentage of fatty acids or the paired ratio between distinct fatty acids were often encountered. For instance, in the GK rats, gender differences were observed in the weight percentage of C18:2omega6, as well as C18:2omega6/C18:3omega6, C18:3omega6/C20:4omega6, C20:5omega3/C22:5omega3 and C22:5omega3/C22:6omega3 ratios. When compared to normal rats, the activity of Delta9-desaturase was markedly increased in GK rats and, to a lesser extent, in STZ rats. Starvation also increased to some extent the activity of Delta9-desaturase. The relative content of C22:6omega3 was also higher in diabetic than in normal rats. Further differences between GK and STZ rats concerned the generation of C18:3omega6 from C18:2omega6, C20:4omega6 from C18:3omega6, and C20:5omega3 from C18:3omega3. Several differences found in the adipose tissue of GK versus STZ rats were reminiscent of those recently identified in the liver triglycerides of these two types of diabetic animals, suggesting a common regulatory mechanism, possibly linked to the higher insulinemia of GK rats versus STZ rats.
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PMID:Fatty acid content and pattern of epididymal and parametrial adipose tissue lipids in streptozotocin (type 1) and Goto-Kakizaki (type 2) diabetic rats. 1708 31

Fatty acid desaturase 2 (Fads2) encodes the delta-6 desaturase (D6D) enzyme, which is rate-limiting for the endogenous production of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). Numerous studies have reported the cardiometabolic health benefits of omega-3 LC-PUFA. Humans carrying genetic variants in the FADS2 gene have reduced levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), as well as oxylipins, in blood, erythrocytes and white adipose tissue (WAT). Similar findings have been reported in whole-body Fads2-/- mice fed a diet deficient in omega-3 LC-PUFA. The objective of this study was to determine if a diet containing EPA and DHA would prevent the deficiencies in WAT lipid profiles seen in Fads2-/- mice fed a diet containing only ALA. Male C57BL/6 J Fads2-/- and wild type (WT) mice were fed a low fat (7% w/w) diet for 9 weeks containing either flaxseed oil + ARASCO (FD, containing~53% ALA) or menhaden oil (MD, containing~14% EPA and 10% DHA). Fads2-/- mice fed an ALA-enriched diet had reduced body weight, little-to-no omega-3 LC-PUFA and a near complete loss of all omega-3 derived oxylipins in both epididymal and inguinal WAT (P<.05) compared to their WT counterparts, as well as altered expression of key regulators of the fatty acid desaturase pathway. However, Fads2-/- mice fed a diet containing EPA and DHA prevented most of these changes. This study provides evidence that a diet containing EPA and DHA provides a nutritional strategy to prevent alterations in WAT lipid content caused by reduced D6D activity.
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PMID:Dietary EPA and DHA prevent changes in white adipose tissue omega-3 PUFA and oxylipin content associated with a Fads2 deficiency. 3036 27