Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P56851 (epididymal)
 11,273 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between intra-abdominal-obesity susceptibility and the adaptation of skeletal muscle metabolic and histochemical characteristics when fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for a short period of time. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were fed a HFD (39.7% calories of fat) for 5 wk. After the 5-wk dietary period, the rats were sacrificed and divided into intra-abdominal-obesity-prone (OP) or obesity-resistant (OR) groups according to the total intra-abdominal fat pads (epididymal, mesenteric, and perirenal) weights. A superficial portion of the Muscle (M.) gastrocnemius tissue obtained from 2 groups before and after feeding the HFD were analyzed to determine their hexokinase (HK), (beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (beta-HAD), and citrate synthase (CS) activities. Muscle fiber composition and capillary density were examined in the deep portion of the M. gastrocnemius, soleus, and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) gained after the HFD. While the OP group had more intra-abdominal fat pads and a heavier final body weight than the OR group, there was no significant difference in the energy intake between the two. Due to the HFD, the OP group showed significant increases in beta-HAD and CS activities, while the OR group did not. Change of beta-HAD activity by HFD in the OP group was significantly greater than that in the OR group. The ratio of fat oxidation, expressed as beta-HAD/CS, significantly increased in the OP group, but not in the OR group. No differences were found in either the muscle fiber composition or capillarization. These results suggest that intra-abdominal-obesity-susceptive rats may have a higher adaptation degree in muscle oxidative enzyme activities as characteristic in the early stage of intra-abdominal adipose accumulation.
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PMID:Adaptation of skeletal muscle characteristics to a high-fat diet in rats with different intra-abdominal-obesity susceptibilities. 1459 10

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship among intra-abdominal adipose storage, adaptation in the serum leptin concentration and skeletal muscle enzyme activity after a 4-week energy restriction (ER). Thirty-one male Wistar rats were divided into 40% energy restricted (n=24) or ad libitum-fed control (CL) rats (n=7). The energy-restricted rats were grouped into the most fat (MF, n=7), medium (n 10) and the least fat (LF, n=7) by their intra-abdominal fat pads mass (epididymal, mesenteric, and perirenal) after ER. A superficial portion of M. gastrocnemius tissue obtained before and after the diet period were analyzed to determine the activities of hexokinase (HK), beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (beta-HAD) and citrate synthase (CS). Blood samples were also collected for a serum leptin assay. At the baseline, no difference was found in either the leptin concentration or the enzyme activities among LF, MF and CL. The serum leptin concentration was positively correlated with the muscle activities of beta-HAD and CS, while it negatively correlated with HK/beta-HAD. After ER, the activities of HK, beta-HAD and CS were all significantly lower in LF than in CL. Among the energy-restricted rats, the intra-abdominal fat pad weight, leptin concentration and the activities of beta-HAD, CS, beta-HAD/CS all significantly correlated with one another. The changes in leptin and the activity of beta-HAD were also positively correlated. These findings indicate that parallel decreases in the serum leptin and skeletal muscle enzyme activities with the energy restriction-induced intra-abdominal adipose reduction, thus may suggest the leptin to have a regulative effect on the muscle enzyme activity during ER.
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PMID:Decreased serum leptin and muscle oxidative enzyme activity with a dietary loss of intra-abdominal fat in rats. 1471 57

Long-term high-fat diet increases muscle mitochondrial enzyme activity and endurance performance. However, excessive calorie intake causes intra-abdominal fat accumulation and metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an alternating day high-fat diet on muscle mitochondrial enzyme activities, protein content, and intra-abdominal fat mass in rats. Male Wistar rats were given a standard chow diet (CON), high-fat diet (HFD), or alternate-day high-fat diet (ALT) for 4 weeks. Rats in the ALT group were fed a high-fat diet and standard chow every other day for 4 weeks. After the dietary intervention, mitochondrial enzyme activities and protein content in skeletal muscle were measured. Although body weight did not differ among groups, the epididymal fat mass in the HFD group was higher than those of the CON and ALT groups. Citrate synthase and beta-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase activities in the plantaris muscle of rats in HFD and ALT were significantly higher than that in CON rats, whereas there was no difference between HFD and ALT groups. No significant difference was observed in muscle glycogen concentration or glucose transporter-4 protein content among the three groups. These results suggest that an alternate-day high-fat diet induces increases in mitochondrial enzyme activities and protein content in rat skeletal muscle without intra-abdominal fat accumulation.
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PMID:Alternate-Day High-Fat Diet Induces an Increase in Mitochondrial Enzyme Activities and Protein Content in Rat Skeletal Muscle. 2705 55