Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P56851 (epididymal)
 11,273 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Administration (3 mg/kg body weight/day, for 21 days) of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) caused marked suppression of spermatogenesis and significant reduction in the weights of the testis, epididymis and accessory sex glands. The seminiferous tubules were devoid of spermatozoa and contained only Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, spermatocytes and occasionally spermatids; several multinucleated giant cells were observed in the lumen of the tubules. The Leydig cells were atrophied. The levels of RNA, DNA and protein in the testis were, however, unaffected by drug therapy. In drug-treated mice the epididymal epithelium presented a degenerate appearance; the lumen was generally devoid of spermatozoa and contained mainly exfoliated immature germ cells and sperm debris; cauda epididymidal spermatozoa, when present, were immotile and fragmented. PGF2 alpha treatment also caused significant decrease in the levels of sialic acid in the caput and cauda epididymides and of fructose in the seminal vesicle. The results suggest that the regressive changes induced by PGF2 alpha in the reproductive organs of the mouse are due to the interference with the secretion of androgen. The alterations induced in the reproductive organs by administration of PGF2 alpha were reversible and 56 days after drug withdrawal the organs returned to their normal state.
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PMID:Prostaglandin F2 alpha-induced changes in the sex organs of the male laboratory mouse. 347 Jan 90

The effects of alpha-chlorohydrin administration on the epididymis of the Indian palm squirrel were investigated. The drug induced dose-and duration related regressive histological changes in the three epididymal segments. In spite of the regressive changes in the epididymis, spermatogenesis continued uninterruptedly in alpha-chlorohydrin-treated animals. Treatment with the drug also induced alterations in the levels of epididymal nucleic acids, protein, sialic acid and glycogen. The alterations in the histology and chemical constituents of the epididymis in drug treated animals were completely reversible. Within 21 days after drug withdrawal, epididymal histology and constituents returned to the pre-treatment state.
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PMID:Effect of alpha-chlorohydrin on the epididymis of the Indian palm squirrel (Funambulus pennanti). 372 95

The effects of oral administration of clomiphene citrate (50 mg/kg body weight) on the testis, epididymis and accessory sex glands of the musk shrew were investigated. The drug induced duration-dependent alterations in the weight and histology of these organs. The drug produced significant reduction in testicular weight with severe degenerative changes in seminiferous tubules; Leydig cells were also atrophied. However, no significant change was found in the levels of protein, RNA and DNA in the testes of drug-treated animals as compared with controls. Epididymis in drug-treated shrews exhibited significant decrease in weight and regressive histological changes. Spermatozoa collected from the cauda epididymidis of drug-treated shrews were immotile and often fragmented. Clomiphene treatment also induced regressive histological changes in the prostate and ampullary gland accompanied by significant decrease in the weight. The treatment also caused significant decrease in the level of fructose in the ampullary glands. Following withdrawal of the drug, the reproductive organs returned to their normal state. Full recovery was noticed in the accessory sex glands 28 days after drug withdrawal. However, full spermatogenic activity and normal epididymal histology were achieved only after 56 days The mechanism of action of clomiphene on the male reproductive organs is briefly discussed.
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PMID:Effect of clomiphene citrate on the testis, epididymis and accessory sex glands of the musk shrew (Suncus murinus L.). 661 57

The study was designed to examine the effect of oleanolic acid on cauda epididymal sperm motion using a computer-aided sperm analysis system and to elucidate the relationship between sperm motion and fertility, as a tool for contraceptive studies. Oleanolic acid-polyvinylpyrrollidone suspension was orally administered to adult male Wistar rats for 30 days, followed by a 14-day drug withdrawal from half of the rats in the group. Control rats received only polyvinylpyrrollidone. All males were mated with untreated females. Treated males failed to impregnate females, whereas control and oleanolic acid withdrawn males achieved 100% pregnancies. Sperm motion analysed on the Sperm Motility Quantifier (SMQ) showed significant differences in linearity (P < 0.001) and wobble (P < 0.01) between control and treated groups. However, the curvilinear velocities were not significantly different (P > 0.05) among all the groups. Sperm motility patterns verified differences among kinematic parameters.
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PMID:The effect of oleanolic acid on sperm motion characteristics and fertility of male Wistar rats. 1239 87

In livestock production corticosteroids are licensed only for therapy; nevertheless, they are often illegally used as growth promoters. The aim of this study was to identify morphological or biomolecular alterations induced by prednisolone (PDN) in experimentally treated beef cattle, because PDN and its metabolites are no longer detectable by LC-MS/MS methods in biological fluids. Moreover, PDN does not induce any histological alterations in the thymus, different from dexamethasone treatments. Therefore, a marker of illicit treatment for this growth promoter could be useful. Eight male Italian Friesian beef cattle were administered prednisolone acetate 30 mg day-1 per os for 35 days, and seven beef cattle represented the control group. Six days after drug withdrawal, the animals were slaughtered. Morphological and morphometric modifications were evaluated in the epididymis and testis, whereas transcriptomic changes induced by PDN administration were investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at different sampling times and in skeletal muscle and testis sampled at slaughtering. In the epididymis, spermatozoa number decreased in PDN-treated animals, and in some cases they were totally absent. Correspondingly, in the testis of treated animals, down-regulation for serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) gene expression was detected (p < 0.01). DNA microarray analysis revealed a total of 133 differentially expressed genes in skeletal muscle and testis, and 907 and 1416 in PBMCs after 33 days of treatment and at slaughtering, respectively. Histological investigations on epididymal content could represent a promising marker for PDN treatment in beef cattle and could be used as a screening method to identify animals worthy of further investigation with official methods. Moreover, the clear transcriptomic signature of PDN treatment evidenced in PBMCs supported the possibility of using this matrix to monitor the illicit treatment in vivo during ranching.
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PMID:Morphological Examination and Transcriptomic Profiling To Identify Prednisolone Treatment in Beef Cattle. 2774 97

The effect of chronic administration of gabapentin, carbamazepine or a gabapentin-carbamazepine combination on testicular function in male rats was investigated to determine the effect of combining reduced doses of anti-epileptic drugs on the management of seizures, particularly with respect to the testis sequellae of chronic anti-epileptic administration. Male rats were randomized into four groups (n=10). Each group received daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections for 28days as follows: Group I, normal saline 0.1mL/day; Group II, gabapentin (GBP) 16mg/kg/day; Group III, carbamazepine (CBZ) 20mg/kg/day; and Group IV, sub-therapeutic doses of both GBP (8mg/kg) and CBZ (10mg/kg)/day. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, five rats from each group were sacrificed and the remaining rats were allowed to recover for another four weeks. Sperm characteristics, serum testosterone, and histological integrity of the testis was assessed 24h after treatment and after 28days of drug withdrawal. GBP, CBZ, and GBP-CBZ combination significantly reduced the absolute weight of the testis, epididymis, and seminal vesicle (p<0.05). Moreover, epididymal sperm count and morphology were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in GBP, CBZ, and GBP-CBZ groups. Reduction in serum levels of testosterone for all of the treated groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). The cytoarchitecture of the testicular tissue in the testis of CBZ and GBP-CBZ groups showed disorganization. The altered testicular function were almost restored in GBP treated rats. CBZ and GBP-CBZ combination have delayed but reversible antifertility in the rats. Hence, chronic administration of GBP, CBZ, and GBP-CBZ combination reversibly reduced testicular function in male rats.
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PMID:Chronic administration of gabapentin and a gabapentin-carbamazepine combination reversibly suppress testicular function in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). 2824 87