Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P52742 (pT3)
 1,034 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The patient's age, tumour size, histological type and degree of differentiation as well as involvement of axillary lymph nodes are decisive for prognosis and therapy of breast cancer. Moreover these parameters reflect the achievement of early diagnosis and the surgical standard of treatment of breast carcinomas. Therefore we retrospectively reviewed 1510 cases diagnosed from 1984-1987. Non-invasive carcinomas were diagnosed in 4%. 75% of them were classified as intraductal carcinoma and 25% as lobular carcinoma in situ. 96% of the tumours were invasive at time of diagnosis. Invasive ductal carcinoma (NOS-type) was found in 70.2%, invasive lobular carcinoma in 12.3%. 3.2% of the tumours showed both ductal and lobular differentiation and 2.3% corresponded to invasive ductal carcinoma with a predominantly intraductal component. Medullary and mucinous carcinomas were detected in 2.1% and 2% of cases, respectively. Papillary carcinomas were observed in 0.9%, the frequency of other histological types was less than 1%. 44% of the tumours corresponded to UICC-category pT1, 38% to pT2, 6% to pT3 and 8% to pT4. A meaningful correlation of tumour size and axillary lymph node involvement was possible in only 906 cases, in which 10 or more lymph nodes were verified histologically. Lymph node metastases were detected in 23% of tumour category pT1 and in 47% of category pT2. PT3- and pT4-tumours metastasized to axillary lymph nodes in 77 and 86% of cases, respectively.
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PMID:[Breast cancer in the catchment area of the Graz Institute of Pathology. Evaluation of morphologic parameters based on 1,510 cases]. 133 34

Sixty-six patients with renal pelvic and ureteral tumors were treated in our hospital between June 1974 and June 1991. These cases consisted of 27 renal pelvic tumors, 31 ureteral tumors and 8 renal pelvic and ureteral tumors. Their ages ranged from 43 to 86 years old (average: 65). There were 46 males and 20 females. The surgical method involved total nephroureterectomy with a cuff for 44 patients, nephroureterectomy for 3, nephrectomy for 9, total nephroureterectomy with total cystectomy for 5 and partial ureterectomy for 2. Histologically, there were 60 transitional cell carcinomas (TCC), 2 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 4 TCC with SCC. As for the pathological stage, 13 were pTa, 16 pT1, 12 pT2, 11 pT3, 13 pT4 and 1 pTX. Subsequent bladder tumors were found in 13 patients (19.7%). The overall survival rate at 1, 3 and 5 years were 80%, 68% and 52%, respectively according to the Kaplan-Meier's method. In this series, the pathological staging was the most important prognostic factor.
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PMID:[A clinical investigation on renal pelvic and ureteral tumors]. 141 51

Mortality rate of ovarian cancer is increasing in Japan and the management of advanced cases is an important issue in order to improve long term survival. Radical surgery including systematic lymphadenectomy (LNX) from paraaortic nodes through pelvic nodes was, therefore, performed in our department with regular surgery (TAH, BSO, omentectomy) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) was analyses. LNM rate of patients whose LNX done in the primary surgery according to pTNM classification was as follows: pT1: 9.7%, pT2: 1.1%, pT3: 66.7% and that of those LNX done at SLO was as follows: pT1: 8.3%, pT2: 0%, pT3: 69.2%. Since radical surgery improved prognosis of advanced ovarian cancer significantly radical surgery including LNX are strongly recommended as a treatment of advanced ovarian cancer.
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PMID:[Radical surgery for ovarian cancer]. 141 6

58 patients with advanced bladder cancer were treated with MVEC chemotherapy (methotrexate, vinblastine, epirubicin and cisplatinum). 22 patients suffered from locally advanced disease (pT3-4 M0 N0), in 20 patients regional lymph node metastases were found (pT3-4 N1-3 M0). In 16 patients distant metastases were noted (pT1-4 N0-1 M1). In 89% transitional cell and in 11% squamous cell cancer or anaplastic carcinoma was seen. Complete response was noted in 45%, partial response in 23% and no response in 32%. Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) was registered before each course of chemotherapy and 3 months after the last application. The sensitivity for (pT3-4 N0 M0) tumors was 90.9%, for (pT3-4 N1-3 M0) 100% and for tumors with distant metastases 100% also, overall 96.6%. No statistically significant different values between each tumor group were found. In 85.7% a concordant reaction of TPA values and clinical status was notable. In conclusion, TPA has been proven as a valuable and a reliable marker for monitoring therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy for advanced bladder cancer.
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PMID:Tissue polypeptide antigen for monitoring of advanced bladder cancer after MVEC chemotherapy. 142 31

A retrospective study of DNA content in 38 medium-rectal adenocarcinomas (a rectal part between 8 and 12 cm. from anus) was performed using flow cytometry in order to find probable correlations among ploidy, grading, staging and survival in patients who had undergone a surgical operation from January 1975 to December 1989. At the beginning of the work, 21 patients were alive and 17 were dead. Histologically 15 carcinomas (39.4%) were G1, 22 (57.8%) were G2 and only 1 (2.6%) was G3. Moreover 1 case (2.6%) was pT1, 7 (18.4%) were pT2 and 30 (78.9%) were pT3. 11 adenocarcinomas (29%) were euploid and 27 (71%) were aneuploid. These percentages agree with literature data. 11 of dead patients (64.7%) had aneuploid neoplasias and 6 (35.3%) diploid; 16 of alive patients (72.2%) had aneuploid carcinomas and 5 (23.8%) diploid. The difference of survival between aneuploid and diploid carcinomas isn't statistically significative (X2 = 0.168 ns). No correlation was found among aneuploidy, grading and staging, probably on account of small number of analyzed cases, owing to particular and little rectal part included in the study. Likely, having a larger case number we'll be able to obtain more incisive informations from this type of analysis in the next future.
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PMID:[Prognostic value of cellular ploidy in adenocarcinoma of the middle rectum]. 143 5

Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) histological expression in transitional cell bladder carcinoma (TCBC) was studied by means of immunohistochemistry and its findings compared with those of Tissue Polypeptidic Antigen (TPA) and Carcino Embryonic Antigen (CEA). Twenty-one TCBC of various grade and stage were analyzed by using Avidin-Biotin complex method for CA 19-9 and TPA Peroxidase-Antiperoxidase method for CEA. Grade 3 and pT1, pT2/pT3 carcinomas showed a constant staining for CA 19-9 antigen, grade 2 showed a 50% positive immunoreaction while all grade 1 cases were negative. TPA showed an inverse correlation with well differentiated carcinomas which were better and more extensively stained than anaplastic ones. CEA expression was not correlated either with grade or stage. CA 19-9 could be considered as a dedifferentiation marker in TCBC.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical determination of antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) in transitional carcinoma of the bladder]. 149 66

Structural alterations of the p53 gene were investigated to elucidate the molecular biological difference between superficial and invasive bladder cancer by polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. In 25 bladder cancers obtained from 23 patients, p53 gene mutations were investigated in exon regions 4 to 11. Twenty-four were transitional cell carcinomas, and the remaining one was a squamous cell carcinoma. Only one of 13 superficial bladder cancers, including pTis, pTa, and pT1, was found to have p53 gene mutation. However, of 12 invasive bladder cancers with pT2, pT3, and pT4, six primary carcinomas, including a squamous cell carcinoma and one metastatic carcinoma, were found to have p53 gene mutations. The number of cancers examined in Grades 1, 2, and 3 was three, seven, and 15, respectively. p53 gene mutation was not found in any of the ten cancers with Grades 1 and 2, while eight of 15 bladder cancers with Grade 3 were found to have p53 gene mutation. The results indicated that the incidence of p53 gene mutations appeared to be much higher in invasive-type and high-grade bladder cancers than in superficial and low-grade ones. Our results are compatible with the recently published results by Sidransky et al. [Science (Washington DC), 252: 706-709, 1991] showing that p53 gene mutations were frequently found in invasive bladder cancers by sequence analysis on polymerase chain reaction amplified products corresponding to exons 5 to 9. Our results are also compatible with previously reported results by Olumi et al. (Cancer Res., 50: 7081-7083, 1990) showing that the loss of chromosome 17p, revealed by analysis with restriction fragment length polymorphism, was frequent in high-grade bladder cancers. In this study, p53 gene mutations were often found in exon 4 as well as in other exons. Therefore, this region should also be examined for screening of mutations of this gene in bladder cancer. There appeared to be no consistent mutation sites in exons 4 to 11 of the p53 gene and no specific patterns of the mutation in bladder cancer.
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PMID:Frequent association of p53 gene mutation in invasive bladder cancer. 154 Sep 47

This study was designed to investigate issues concerning "inapparent carcinoma" of the gallbladder and the effectiveness of a radical second operation in the treatment of inapparent carcinoma. Ninety-eight patients with inapparent carcinoma were analyzed according to the "pT" category of TNM (tumor, nodes, and metastases) classification. Eighty patients underwent cholecystectomy alone, and 14 patients had a subsequent radical operation. After cholecystectomy alone it was found that (1) Patients with pT1 cancer had a 5-year survival rate (5ysr) of 100%; (2) In patients with pT2, 5ysr was 40%; and (3) Patients with pT3 showed 5ysr of 0%. Results of a radical second operation showed that (1) Patients with pT2 cancer showed a 5ysr of 90%, significantly better (p less than 0.05) than pT2 treated with cholecystectomy alone; (2) There was a prolongation of survival in patients with pT3 or pT4. It was concluded that a radical second operation should be carried out for pT2 or more advanced inapparent carcinoma, whereas follow-up without a second operation is recommended for pT1 cancer without positive margin.
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PMID:Inapparent carcinoma of the gallbladder. An appraisal of a radical second operation after simple cholecystectomy. 155 12

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was performed in 83 patients with gastric cancer to evaluate regional lymph node metastasis. Histopathologic findings were compared with preoperative EUS findings in a total of 1,519 resected lymph nodes. In lymph node staging, the prevalence of metastatic adenopathy was 31.3% (26 of 83 patients); EUS had an accuracy of 83.1% (69 of 83 patients), sensitivity of 53.8% (14 of 26 patients), specificity of 96.5% (55 of 57 patients), positive predictive value of 87.5% (14 of 16 patients), and negative predictive value of 82.1% (55 of 67 patients). The greater the maximum diameter of the node with metastasis, or the larger the ratio of the metastatic area to the cross-sectional area of the node, the higher the detection rate. In tumors classified on the basis of depth of invasion according to the 1987 TNM system, the rate of detection of metastasis in individual nodes was 0% in pT1 tumors (none of five nodes), 20% in pT2 tumors (17 of 85 nodes), 29% in pT3 tumors (20 of 70 nodes), and 10% in pT4 tumors (three of 31 nodes). It is concluded that the most important use of EUS will be in diagnosis of regional lymph node metastasis.
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PMID:Regional lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer: evaluation with endoscopic US. 173 81

Bladder tumor antigen (BTA) is a tumor marker isolated from the urine of individuals with TCC of the bladder. This antigen can be detected by the Tu-MARK BTA test, a simple and rapid slide latex agglutination test performed on freshly voided urine. Sensitivity and specificity of BTA were calculated, and the correlation with pathological grade, histological stage, and urinary findings were statistically evaluated (chi 2-test) in 110 patients (72 male, 38 female; age: 16-91, mean age 54.4) examined between September, 1989 and April, 1990 including 46 TCC of the bladder (primary 28, secondary 18; grade 1:10, grade 2:27, grade 3:9, pTis: 2, pTa: 2, pT1: 23, pT2: 5, pT3: 4, pT4: 2), and 64 benign diseases. Sensitivity was 45.6%, specificity was 60.9%. In bladder tumor cases a correlation was seen between BTA and stage (p less than 0.02), and between BTA and grade (P less than 0.05). The positive ratio was higher in T1-T4 (55.9%) than in Tis.Ta (p less than 0.02). A high positive ratio of BTA was seen in bladder tumor cases with hematuria (70%, p less than 0.01) and pyuria (86.7%, p less than 0.01). This method is easy and rapid and the values are highly correlated with stage. Therefore, it should be useful for not only screening but followup of bladder tumor. Furthermore, BTA in combination with urine cytology is a more useful way for diagnosing TCC of the bladder.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of the bladder tumor marker "Tu-MARK-BTA"]. 189 92


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