Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P51532 (transcriptional activator)
 6,546 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hepatitis B virus-X protein (HBV-X) is known to be an important factor in the formation of hepatocellular carcinoma by acting as a transcriptional activator on viral or cellular genes. To identify differentially expressed genes between the human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 and HBV-X gene transfected hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2-4X, we used a differential display polymerase chain reaction technique. The technique produced numerous up-regulated and down-regulated bands, each representing a partial cDNA fragment. We isolated 23 different kinds of cDNA fragments that showed marked differences in two cell lines. The fragments were used as templates for DNA sequencing analysis and as probes for Northern blot analysis. This analysis revealed that eight cDNA clones were differentially expressed in each cell line but fifteen cDNA clones were not. Among the 8 clones, 3 clones showed sequence similarities with human mitochondrial ATPase subunit 6 (mtATPase 6) and the human amidophosphoribosyl transferase (ATase) precursor, whereas 5 other clones were human novel protein encoding genes. Two genes having similarity with known genes were repressed by HBV-X. These results reflect that complex alterations of the expression of enzymes concerning the energy-generating system in mitochondria and metabolite synthesis are closely associated with the HBV-X function during the formation of hepatocellular carcinoma. These newly obtained genes will be useful for analyzing HBV-X functions. We are in the process of further characterizing these genes.
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PMID:Identification of differentially expressed genes in human hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2) and HBV-X transfected hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2-4x). 963 54

Studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of a brief voluntary exercise period on the expression pattern and post-translational modification of multiple protein classes in the rat hippocampus using proteomics. An analysis of 80 protein spots of relative high abundance on two-dimensional gels revealed that approximately 90% of the proteins identified were associated with energy metabolism and synaptic plasticity. Exercise up-regulated proteins involved in four aspects of energy metabolism, i.e. glycolysis, ATP synthesis, ATP transduction and glutamate turnover. Specifically, we found increases in fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C, phosphoglycerate kinase 1, mitochondrial ATP synthase, ubiquitous mitochondrial creatine kinase and glutamate dehydrogenase 1. Exercise also up-regulated specific synaptic-plasticity-related proteins, the cytoskeletal protein alpha-internexin and molecular chaperones (chaperonin-containing TCP-1, neuronal protein 22, heat shock 60-kDa protein 1 and heat shock protein 8). Western blot was used to confirm the direction and magnitude of change in ubiquitous mitochondrial creatine kinase, an enzyme essential for transducing mitochondrial-derived ATP to sites of high-energy demand such as the synapse. Protein phosphorylation visualized by Pro-Q Diamond fluorescent staining showed that neurofilament light polypeptide, glial fibrillary acidic protein, heat shock protein 8 and transcriptional activator protein pur-alpha were more intensely phosphorylated with exercise as compared with sedentary control levels. Our results, together with the fact that most of the proteins that we found to be up-regulated have been implicated in cognitive function, support a mechanism by which exercise uses processes of energy metabolism and synaptic plasticity to promote brain health.
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PMID:Exercise affects energy metabolism and neural plasticity-related proteins in the hippocampus as revealed by proteomic analysis. 1698 14