Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P50583 (asymmetrical)
 12,197 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mutations in the connexin 31 (GJB3) gene have been found in subjects with dominant and recessive deafness and in patients with erythrokeratodermia variabilis. We report here a dominant mutation in the GJB3 gene (D66del) in a family affected with peripheral neuropathy and sensorineural hearing impairment. A wide range of disease severity for peripheral neuropathy, from asymptomatic cases to subjects with chronic skin ulcers in their feet and osteomyelitis leading to amputations, was detected in D66del patients. Mild, often asymmetrical, hearing impairment was found in all but one patient with mutation D66del of this family and the same mutation was present in an independent family ascertained because of hearing impairment. We have found mouse connexin 31 (Gjb3) gene expression in the cochlea and in the auditory and sciatic nerves, showing a pattern similar to that of Gjb1 (connexin 32), of which the human ortholog (GJB1) is involved in X-linked peripheral neuropathy. This expression pattern, together with auditory-evoked brainstem anomalous response in D66del patients, indicates that hearing impairment due to GJB3 mutations involves alterations in both the cochlea and the auditory nerve. Peripheral neuropathy is the third phenotypic alteration linked to GJB3 mutations, which enlarges the list of genes that cause this group of heterogeneous disorders.
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PMID:Connexin 31 (GJB3) is expressed in the peripheral and auditory nerves and causes neuropathy and hearing impairment. 1130 68

In this study, we investigated androgen metabolism in two different human prostate cancer cell lines, the androgen-responsive LNCaP cells and the nonresponsive PC3 cells. Following 24-h and 72-h incubation with either testosterone (T) or androstenedione (Ad) used as precursor, divergent patterns and rates of androgen metabolism were observed. Given the recent interest in the multiple uses of embryonic and adult stem cells for basic and applied research, we compared the expression of three presumptive stem cell markers (Oct-4, SUZ-12, and Cripto-1), along with connexin 43 (Cx43), Cx32, and androgen receptor (AR), used as cell differentiation gene markers. In anchorage-independent cell growth conditions, the expression levels of candidate markers of cancer stem cells initially increased (days 2-4) but drastically fell thereafter (day 6) in both cell lines. Results of immunocytochemical assay (ICA) largely confirmed those obtained by RT-PCR. Interestingly, both symmetrical and asymmetrical cell divisions were revealed in PC3 cells using Oct-4 immunostaining. Our data suggest that both androgen-responsive and androgen-nonresponsive prostate tumor cell lines contain a presumptive cancer stem cell population that can be identified using a panel of selected gene markers, including Oct-4, SUZ-12, and Cripto-1.
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PMID:Profiling cancer stem cells in androgen-responsive and refractory human prostate tumor cell lines. 1925 Feb 13

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), the most frequent form of inherited neuropathy, is a genetically heterogeneous syndrome of the peripheral nervous system with a rather homologous clinical phenotype (slowly progressive distal weakness and muscle atrophy, skeletal deformities, and areflexia in each limb). CMT1 is the autosomal-dominant demyelinating form, and CMT1A (mostly PMP22 duplication) is the most frequent subtype, followed by CMTX1, HNPP (hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies), CMT1B, or CMT2. As CMT is characterized by slowly progressive motor and sensory disturbances in each limb, it could be misdiagnosed as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) occasionally. Some points can distinguish demyelinating CMT from CIDP. CMT1 patients do not show the conduction block that is frequent in CIDP. In addition, ultrasonographic findings are useful because CMT1 suggests diffuse enlargement of peripheral nerves, whereas CIDP is characterized by asymmetrical or focal enlargement of peripheral nerves. Some CMT1 cases show favorable responses to immunomodulating therapeutics such as corticosteroids, IVIg, and plasma exchange. Such CIDP-like CMT1 (especially CMT1B or CMT2A) shows moderate to high levels of cerebrospinal fluid protein and infiltrated inflammatory macrophages.
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PMID:[Phenotypes of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Syndrome and Differential Diagnosis Focused in Inflammatory Neuropathies]. 2676 97