Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P50583 (asymmetrical)
 12,197 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) is a conserved metabolic enzyme with important cellular functions. We report crystallographic and cryo-electron microscopy (EM) studies of Staphylococcus aureus PC (SaPC) in complex with acetyl-CoA, an allosteric activator, and mutagenesis, biochemical, and structural studies of the biotin binding site of its carboxyltransferase (CT) domain. The disease-causing A610T mutation abolishes catalytic activity by blocking biotin binding to the CT active site, and Thr908 might play a catalytic role in the CT reaction. The crystal structure of SaPC in complex with CoA reveals a symmetrical tetramer, with one CoA molecule bound to each monomer, and cryo-EM studies confirm the symmetrical nature of the tetramer. These observations are in sharp contrast to the highly asymmetrical tetramer of Rhizobium etli PC in complex with ethyl-CoA. Our structural information suggests that acetyl-CoA promotes a conformation for the dimer of the biotin carboxylase domain of PC that might be catalytically more competent.
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PMID:A symmetrical tetramer for S. aureus pyruvate carboxylase in complex with coenzyme A. 1952

The activity of the biotin-dependent enzyme pyruvate carboxylase from many organisms is highly regulated by the allosteric activator acetyl-CoA. A number of X-ray crystallographic structures of the native pyruvate carboxylase tetramer are now available for the enzyme from Rhizobium etli and Staphylococcus aureus. Although all of these structures show that intersubunit catalysis occurs, in the case of the R. etli enzyme, only two of the four subunits have the allosteric activator bound to them and are optimally configured for catalysis of the overall reaction. However, it is apparent that acetyl-CoA binding does not induce the observed asymmetrical tetramer conformation and it is likely that, under normal reaction conditions, all of the subunits have acetyl-CoA bound to them. Thus the activation of the enzyme by acetyl-CoA involves more subtle structural effects, one of which may be to facilitate the correct positioning of Arg353 and biotin in the biotin carboxylase domain active site, thereby promoting biotin carboxylation and, at the same time, preventing abortive decarboxylation of carboxybiotin. It is also apparent from the crystal structures that there are allosteric interactions induced by acetyl-CoA binding in the pair of subunits not optimally configured for catalysis of the overall reaction.
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PMID:Allosteric regulation of the biotin-dependent enzyme pyruvate carboxylase by acetyl-CoA. 2261 68