Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P50583 (asymmetrical)
 12,197 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of various dose levels of Metrazol on retention and electrocorticogram (ECoG) were investigated. Mice given a subconvulsive 30 mg/kg or a convulsive 50 mg/kg dose of Metrazol 15 min before reversal training in a discriminated escape learning task showed retention impairment of reversal training retention. Lower dose levels (5 or 10 mg/kg) had no effect. The 30 mg/kg dose produced asymmetrical dissociation. The convulsive dose (50 mg/kg), previously reported to result in symmetrical dissociation, produced ECoG changes that were still evident 15 min following the injection, i.e. at the time when training or testing usually took place. With lower doses (10 or 30 mg/kg), no apparent ECoG effects were observed at this interval. The implications of the findings were discussed with respect to the state-dependent hypothesis.
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PMID:Dose-related effects of metrazol on retention and EEG. 126 1

Using digital subtraction coronary angiography (DSA), we evaluated the regional myocardial coronary blood flow reserve (rMFR) in 18 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). There were 13 patients with asymmetrical septal hypertrophy (ASH), and 5 with asymmetrical apical hypertrophy (AAH). Eight subjects without apparent cardiac abnormality served as controls. Relations between the rMFR and regional wall thickness as determined by echocardiography were also investigated. Peak contrast density (Cm) and time to Cm (Tm) were measured from digital angiograms at the middle and distal ventricular septum (VS) and at the apical and left ventricular posterior wall (PW). The rMFR of each region of interest was expressed as the ratio of Cm/Tm at the baseline and at peak hyperemic response induced by intracoronary administration of papaverine. The rMFR was significantly lower at the VS and apex in HCM than in controls: middle VS, 1.9 +/- 0.5 vs 3.9 +/- 0.5, p < 0.001; distal VS, 2.0 +/- 0.5 vs 4.4 +/- 0.9, p < 0.001; and the apex, 2.0 +/- 0.7 vs 4.5 +/- 1.6, p < 0.01. However, it did not differ at the PW; 2.6 +/- 0.9 vs 3.0 +/- 0.9 between the 3 groups. The middle VS and apex, where the wall was the thickest, had the lowest rMFR in ASH and AAH. Furthermore, at the VS and apex, a curvilinear relationship was observed between the rMFR and wall thickness (rMFR = -0.88 in WT + 2.39, r = -0.57, p < 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Cardiol 1992
PMID:[Regional myocardial coronary blood flow reserve in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy assessed by digital subtraction coronary angiography]. 130 57

The characteristic of myocardial damage in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) was evaluated as to whether the damage is limited to the hypertrophied wall or extends throughout the entire wall. The myocardial damage was detected by exercise thallium-201 (Tl-201) scintigraphy and was evaluated using circumferential profile analysis, calculation of initial uptake and washout rate. Eleven patients with asymmetrical hypertrophy (ASH), whose septal and posterior wall thickness ratio exceeded 1.3 on left ventriculography and biventriculography, and 13 age-matched control subjects without heart disease were studied. The mean values of initial uptake in both groups did not differ significantly, but the washout rate for the entire heart was significantly decreased only in the HCM group (p < 0.05). All of the regional washout rates (antero-septal, apical and postero-lateral) were significantly decreased in the HCM group (p < 0.05), without any difference between the hypertrophied wall and the non-thickened free wall being noted. These results demonstrated that the analysis of myocardial damage by exercise Tl-201 scintigraphy using calculation of the washout rate is a very sensitive means of detecting myocardial damage in HCM, and that such myocardial damage is not restricted to the hypertrophied wall, but rather extends to the entire wall, including the free wall which is not thickened.
J Cardiol 1992
PMID:[Distribution of myocardial damage in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: evaluation by exercise thallium-201 scintigraphy]. 134 29

Pharmacokinetic studies show that isosorbide mononitrate is rapidly absorbed after oral administration, reaches peak concentrations within an hour, undergoes no significant first-pass metabolism, and is virtually 100% bioavailable. The half-life is approximately 5 hours, the volume of distribution is 0.62 liter/kg, and the systemic clearance is 115 mL/min. Only 1-2% of an orally administered dose is excreted unchanged in the urine, with the remainder being eliminated as inactive metabolites. Isosorbide mononitrate follows dose-linear kinetics after single and multiple doses. Its pharmacokinetic profile is consistent and highly reproducible and is unchanged in the elderly and in patients with coronary artery disease, renal failure, or liver cirrhosis. An asymmetrical dosage regimen of isosorbide mononitrate has been shown to provide antianginal efficacy for at least 12 hours. Because asymmetrical dosing creates irregular, sawtooth-like changes in plasma concentrations and a fall below a critical threshold level during the night, tolerance does not develop.
Am J Cardiol 1992 Nov 27
PMID:Pharmacokinetics of isosorbide mononitrate. 144 2

The rapid development of tolerance has limited the applicability of oral and transdermal nitrates in the long-term management of patients with chronic stable angina pectoris. Recent well-controlled trials have demonstrated that asymmetrical, or eccentric, dosing of oral isosorbide mononitrate, in which 20-mg doses are taken at 8 A.M. and 3 P.M., provides at least 12 hours of antianginal coverage. There is no evidence for the development of tolerance with this schedule, which allows for a 17-hour nitrate withdrawal period. Likewise, the asymmetrical 20-mg twice daily regimen has not been associated with the zero-hour effect that has been reported with higher oral doses of isosorbide mononitrate and with intermittent nitroglycerin patch therapy. This approach also avoids the development of a clinical rebound phenomenon, as measured by increased episodes of angina and nitroglycerin consumption, compared with the pretreatment period, during the nitrate-free interval at night and the early hours of the morning.
Am J Cardiol 1992 Nov 27
PMID:Efficacy of isosorbide mononitrate in angina pectoris. 144 3

Serial electrocardiograms as well as echocardiographic studies of 51 pilgrims suffering from acute heat stroke (mean rectal temperature 41.6 degrees C) were performed. All patients were examined immediately after cooling and 24 h later whenever possible. Regional wall motion abnormalities were detected in 9 cases (17.6%) while pericardial effusion was observed in 13 cases (25%) and asymmetrical septal hypertrophy was detected in 8 cases (15.6%). Other cardiac abnormalities included right ventricular dilatation and increased in left ventricular internal dimensions in 4 cases (7.8%), respectively. Thirteen cases (25.5%) had normal echocardiographic findings. Forty (78%) patients had sinus tachycardia while 8 cases (15.7%) showed atrial fibrillation with uncontrolled ventricular rate, and 3 (5.8%) had sinus bradycardia. Heat stroke electrocardiograms showed tracings demonstrating ST segment depression, compatible with ischaemia in 9 cases, while in 6 cases there were nonspecific T wave changes, whereas in another 4 cases the tracings demonstrated different conduction abnormalities. The collected data were analysed and compared to those of 43 control patients. The adverse effects of heat stroke on the heart are multifactorial requiring the utmost attention and understanding, as they reflect the patient's cardiovascular status.
Int J Cardiol 1992 Nov
PMID:Non-invasive evaluation of cardiac abnormalities in heat stroke pilgrims. 145 70

To evaluate the benefit of emergency coronary angioplasty (PTCA) among patients with acute myocardial infarction having patent infarct-related arteries, we investigated 104 patients who received thrombolysis and/or PTCA within 24 hrs after onset of symptoms. The morphology of coronary artery lesions was qualitatively assessed by angiography and categorized as symmetrical or asymmetrical narrowing with smooth margins (S-group, 72 cases) and asymmetrical narrowing in the form of convex intraluminal obstruction representing a thrombus (T-group, 32 cases). Soon after intervention, angiographic success (residual stenosis less than 75%) was achieved in 85% with PTCA (92% in the T-group vs 82% in the S-group) and in 29% without PTCA (53% vs 16%). At hospital discharge, the figures were 82% with PTCA (75% vs 87%) and 43% without PTCA (73% vs 30%). The incidence of re-infarction and/or total occlusion of the infarct-related artery was 9% with PTCA in both the T- and S-groups but 26% in those without PTCA (6% in the T-group vs 31% in the S-group). These data suggest that in patients with patient infarct-related arteries and severe original stenosis, PTCA has an advantage over thrombolysis alone. Qualitative analysis of coronary morphology by angiography provides a framework for selecting adequate therapy.
J Cardiol 1990
PMID:[Acute myocardial infarction with patent infarct-related artery: selection of treatment based on qualitative analysis of coronary angiograms during the acute phase]. 209 62

In this study, we investigated correlations of left ventricular hypertrophy and its histopathology with diastolic dysfunction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Nine control subjects and 14 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients with asymmetrical septal hypertrophy were evaluated. M-mode echocardiography was used to assess fractional shortening (FS), isovolumic relaxation time (IRT), and the left ventricular filling volume index during rapid and slow filling periods and atrial contraction period (RFVI, SFVI and ACVI). End-diastolic thickness of the interventricular septum and posterior wall was determined using biventriculography. Right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies were performed to calculate the diameters of myocytes, the percentage of fibrosis and the eccentricity e which indicates the degree of myocardial disarrangement including disorganization. The FS was normal in the two groups. The IRT of the HCM group was significantly greater and the RFVI significantly less than those of the controls. The left ventricular wall thickness, the diameters of myocytes and the percentage of fibrosis in the HCM group were significantly greater; and the eccentricity e was significantly less, suggesting that myocardial disarrangement was significantly more severe than that in the controls. Significant positive correlations were observed between the IRT and the wall thickness (r = 0.647), between the diameter of myocytes (r = 0.681) and the percentage of fibrosis (r = 0.628), and there was a significantly negative correlation between the IRT and the eccentricity e (r = -0.759). There was a significantly negative correlation between the RFVI and the wall thickness (r = -0.663); and a significantly positive correlation between the RFVI and the eccentricity e (r = 0.579). Multiple regression analyses showed that the diameter of myocytes, the percentage of fibrosis and the eccentricity e all correlated significantly with the IRT (R = 0.821) and the RFVI (R =0.604). The standard regression coefficients of the diameter of myocytes, the percentage of fibrosis and the eccentricity e were 0.253, 0.278 and -0.431 in respect to IRT, and those of the percentage of fibrosis and the eccentricity e were -0.204 and 0.469 in respect to RFVI, respectively. These results indicated that diastolic dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is related not only to the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy, but also to the degree of myocardial hypertrophy, increased interstitial fibrosis, and especially to myocardial disarrangement including disorganization.
J Cardiol 1990
PMID:[Early diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle affected by hypertrophy and abnormal histopathology in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]. 215 Dec 36

As an alternative to visual interpretations of subjects' angiograms, coronary arteries dilated by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) were evaluated using cinevideodensitometry, and the results were compared with those obtained by the edge detection method. Coronary arteriograms were obtained in various projections and suitable frames were selected for analysis. The frames were transformed to digitized images (512 X 512 X 8 bits) with an image analyzer (MIPRON 1), and cinevideodensitometric and edge detection analyses were performed. Phantom models of various shapes were opacified with contrast medium and were used to test our system. The cineangiograms of 58 patients with ischemic heart disease, 28 of whom had underwent PTCA, were analyzed. A highly linear correlation was observed between the cross-sectional areas of the phantoms and the summed gray levels measured using cinevideodensitometry. Percent area stenosis evaluated by the two methods was accurate and reproducible in measuring the symmetrical stenosis models. However, for the model of asymmetrical stenosis, the measurement by the edge detection method differed according to various projections. Similar results were obtained measuring asymmetrical stenosis in the right coronary artery in vivo in various projections. Based on these experimental results, coronary stenoses dilated by PTCA were evaluated. Prior to PTCA, coronary arterial stenosis measured using the two methods closely approximated each other. However, following PTCA, there were discrepancies between the measurements by the two methods in six cases. This can be accounted for by asymmetrical changes in a luminal cross-section, which cannot be accurately assessed using the edge detection method in single plane projection. In conclusion, cinevideodensitometric measurements of relative coronary arterial stenosis were objective, accurate, and reproducible. According to cinevideodensitometric analysis, eccentric lesions can be measured using a single projection, and tracing arterial borders is unnecessary. It is a useful means in measuring quantitatively the degree of dilatation of coronary arterial stenosis accomplished by PTCA.
J Cardiol 1989 Jun
PMID:Cinevideodensitometric quantification of relative coronary arterial stenosis: application to evaluating candidates for percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. 263 17

This study was designed to ascertain the contribution of hypertension to the early diastolic time intervals in asymmetrical apical hypertrophy (AAH). Eighteen patients with untreated AAH were categorized as those with (n = 13) and without (n = 5) hypertension. Isovolumic relaxation time and early diastolic filling were determined in four groups: normotensive subjects (n = 20), patients with essential hypertension (n = 20), AAH with hypertension, and AAH without hypertension. Early diastolic function was measured by the interval from the aortic closure sound (IIA, phonocardiography) to the opening of the mitral valve (MVO, echocardiography) and the interval from MVO to the O point of the apexcardiogram. The IIA-O interval was also calculated. Peak velocities in the rapid filling phase (R) and atrial contraction phase (A) were measured using two-dimensional Doppler echocardiography in the center of the mitral orifice in diastole. The MVO-O/IIA-MVO and A/R ratios were also calculated. 1. In the AAH with and without hypertension groups, the IIA-O, IIA-MVO, and MVO-O intervals were significantly prolonged. The IIA-O and MVO-O intervals in the AAH without hypertension group were more prolonged than were those in the AAH with hypertension group. In patients with essential hypertension, the IIA-O and the IIA-MVO intervals were prolonged, but there was no prolongation of the MVO-O interval. 2. The MVO-O/IIA-MVO ratio was lower in essential hypertension and in the AAH with hypertension groups, and significantly higher in the AAH without hypertension group. 3. There was no significant change of the R, A, and A/R in each group. These results indicated that prolonged left ventricular relaxation was distinguished in essential hypertension. In AAH with hypertension, the same prolongation was observed, but the disturbance of early diastolic filling was mild. It is suggested that apical hypertrophy has a possible association with hypertension, though it may more properly belong to cardiomyopathy.
J Cardiol 1989 Mar
PMID:[Contribution of hypertension to left ventricular diastolic function in patients with asymmetrical apical hypertrophy]. 281 33


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