Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P50583 (asymmetrical)
 12,197 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The processes by which trophoblast cells invade and modify the walls of the uteroplacental arteries of macaques during the course of gestation were examined. Antibodies to cytokeratins were employed to identify trophoblast, anti-desmin antibody to identify smooth muscle, and antibodies to type IV collagen, laminin, and fibronectin to examine changes in extracellular matrix distribution in the arterial wall. During early gestation, endovascular trophoblast adhered to the arterial wall, often in an asymmetrical distribution. As trophoblast cells moved outwardly into the tunica media, the basement membrane underlying the endothelium was lost, as indicated by gaps in the layer when stained for type IV collagen and laminin. Trophoblast cells became sequestered in the vessel wall where they hypertrophied and became surrounded by a capsule containing type IV collagen and laminin. As the trophoblast cells became established in the vessel wall, the muscular layer of the artery became discontinuous. Throughout gestation it was common for trophoblast cells to invade the vessel intimal layer and share the lining of the artery with typical endothelial cells. This general disposition of endovascular and intramural trophoblast persisted into late gestation. In addition, and contrary to the results of earlier studies of macaques, we identified trophoblastic invasion and modification of myometrial segments of the uteroplacental arteries in later gestation. We also found evidence of interstitial trophoblast cells among the stromal cells of the endometrium, especially during early gestation.
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PMID:Trophoblastic invasion and the development of uteroplacental arteries in the macaque: immunohistochemical localization of cytokeratins, desmin, type IV collagen, laminin, and fibronectin. 768 55

The behavior of atypical fibroxanthoma is benign, if strict diagnostic criteria are applied. Tumors with similar pathologic features but deep subcutaneous invasion, necrosis, and/or lymphovascular or perineural invasion are thought to be associated with adverse outcome and are better regarded as pleomorphic dermal sarcoma or undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of skin. This tumor group is not well documented in the literature, and its characteristics are only poorly defined. To study the clinical and pathologic spectrum more comprehensively, we retrieved 32 pleomorphic dermal sarcomas from our departmental files. The tumors were large (median: 25 mm) and exclusively presented on sun-damaged skin with a strong predilection for the head. Typically, elderly men were affected (median age: 81 y). Histologically, these often ulcerated tumors were poorly marginated, asymmetrical, and deeply invasive into deep subcutaneous, muscular, and/or fascial tissues. The tumors were cellular and composed of pleomorphic epithelioid cells, atypical spindle cells, and multinucleated tumor giant cells in varying proportions. Mitotic count was brisk and often atypical. Tumor necrosis was observed in 53%, lymphovascular invasion in 26%, and perineural infiltration in 29%. The majority of tumors showed a predominance of atypical spindle cells in a fascicular arrangement. A sheet-like growth of pleomorphic epithelioid cells or mixed spindle and epithelioid cell features were less frequently observed. Myxoid and keloidal change, a desmoplastic stromal response, pseudoangiomatous and storiform growth patterns, and admixed osteoclast-like giant cells were additional morphologic features in some cases. No immunoreactivity was noted for multiple cytokeratins, S100, HMB-45, desmin, and CD34. Smooth muscle actin was expressed in 70%, CD31 in 48%, epithelial membrane antigen in 16%, Melan A in 6%, and p63 in 1 case. CD10 was expressed in all cases stained. Follow-up (available for 29 patients; median: 24 mo) showed local recurrence in 28% and a metastatic rate of 10%, mainly in the skin. Progressive metastatic disease was observed in 2 patients. Remission was achieved in 1 patient using systemic chemotherapy. The second patient died in the setting of advanced-stage non-Hodgkin lymphoma. No disease-related mortality was noted. Our data underscore the importance of recognizing adverse histologic features in tumors otherwise resembling atypical fibroxanthoma. Deep subcutaneous invasion, tumor necrosis, and perineural and/or lymphovascular invasion confers at least low-grade malignant potential.
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PMID:Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma: adverse histologic features predict aggressive behavior and allow distinction from atypical fibroxanthoma. 2251 Jul 60