Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P50583 (asymmetrical)
 12,197 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Intracranial microdialysis was used to measure dopamine (DA) release in the ventrolateral neostriatum of freely moving rats before and after unilateral tactile stimulation was applied to the orofacial region. Several behavioral parameters which have been linked to changes in nigrostriatal DA transmission (scanning, or snout contact with the walls of the observation chamber, turning and locomotion) were measured as well. Orofacial stimulation was followed by an asymmetrical increase in DA release with concentrations of transmitter higher in the neostriatum ipsilateral to the side of stimulation. Asymmetrical scanning behavior was observed during the time period when DA release was asymmetric, with rats favoring use of the side of the face contralateral to increased DA release. Increases in the DA metabolites DOPAC and HVA were found in the striatum ipsilateral to stimulation, but were delayed 40 min following the increase in DA.
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PMID:Lateralized changes in behavior and striatal dopamine release following unilateral tactile stimulation of the perioral region: a microdialysis study. 193 90

Exposure to stressors that are not controlled results in a variety of changes in behavior and in brain chemistry. Among these is the activation of dopamine-containing neuronal systems projecting to the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC), to a lesser extent the nucleus accumbens (NAC) and, in a few studies, the striatum. Previous data have shown that stressor evoked PFC activation is asymmetrical. The present experiments were designed to assess the effects of controlled and uncontrolled stressors on these DA systems using the procedures of the learned helplessness (LH) model. In a first experiment, 80 trials of either a controllable (ESC) or identical uncontrollable footshock stressor (YOK) caused an activation, as indicated by increased metabolite concentrations of DA in the PFC, NAC and striatum. In the PFC, YOK caused a bilateral DA depletion, relative to ESC and control animals, and a right > left increase in DOPAC/DA which was not seen in ESC animals. These findings suggested a preferential effect of YOK in the right PFC. A second experiment used rats that had been grouped according to their turning behavior, YOK right-biased rats showed an increase in DOPAC on the right side of the PFC and YOK left-biased rats displayed a similar increase on the left side in response to a brief (5 min) controllable footshock stressor. Since right-turning rats had been shown to be more sensitive to a LH behavioral phenomenon, the data suggested that right PFC activation is responsible for the greater LH sensitivity. A final experiment evaluated the neurochemical and behavioral responses to a prolonged footshock stressor 24 h after uncontrolled footshock. Right-biased YOK animals displayed depressed footshock escape behavior and a right > left depletion in PFC DA and HVA. Across-groups footshock escape performance was correlated with DA and HVA concentrations on the right but not on the left side of the PFC. Thus a disturbance of right PFC DA utilization was again associated with compromised coping behavior. The data suggest that the inability to control a stressor causes a lateralized alteration of PFC DA and this results in a disruption of the ability to respond to a new stressor. These findings indicate that the two sides of the PFC are differentially specialized for responding to a stressor.
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PMID:Lateralized changes in prefrontal cortical dopamine activity induced by controllable and uncontrollable stress in the rat. 811 84

Rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 4 or 8 micrograms) or sham lesions of the substantia nigra were examined (undrugged) for asymmetrical orientation to edges of a large openfield. Lesioned rats preferentially aligned with the edge such that the intact striatum was contralateral to the edge. The magnitude of this asymmetry was greatest in rats lesioned with the highest dose of 6-OHDA. There was no population left/right hemispheric asymmetry in the extent to which unilateral striatal dopamine (DA) depletion produces this behavioral bias. In sham-lesioned rats, endogenous imbalances in striatal DA activity (DOPAC/DA) were related to the direction of edge orientation, such that the more active striatum tended to be contralateral to the edge. Also in shams, the direction of this orientational asymmetry was not significantly related to the direction of motor bias measured as amphetamine- and apomorphine-induced turning behavior in rotometers (having no edges). However, the magnitudes of sensorimotor (edge behavior) and motor (turning) asymmetries were negatively correlated. The results extend previous findings that asymmetrical edge behavior is a sensitive index of imbalances in striatal DA activity, not only in DA-depleted rats, but in intact rats as well. Furthermore, sensorimotor and motor asymmetries, while both under DAergic influence, are largely independent processes.
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PMID:Asymmetrical orientation to edges of an openfield: modulation by striatal dopamine and relationship to motor asymmetries in the rat. 818 Jul 88

Functional interdependence between mesencephalic dopaminergic pathways is an emerging concept. Using in vivo voltammetry and acute manipulation of dopaminergic transmission with pharmacological agents, we have previously reported the existence of a preferentially left lateralized functional interdependence between the entorhinal cortex and the nucleus accumbens. The aim of the present work was to test if this phenomenon is only a dynamic process or if compensation occurs when interdependent functioning is considered in a more long-term perspective. In this study 6-OHDA lesions of the dopamine terminals of the entorhinal cortex were performed separately in the left and right hemispheres. Spontaneous and (+)-amphetamine stimulated locomotor activity were recorded 3 weeks after unilateral interventions in the Ent. Variations in DA and DOPAC levels were measured in the nucleus accumbens 5 weeks after the lesion. The following results were obtained. After unilateral 6-OHDA in the left Ent, DA and DOPAC tissue contents as well as the DOPAC/DA ratio were found significantly changed in nucleus accumbens in the two hemispheres. After dopaminergic destruction in the right Ent only the DOPAC/DA ratio in the left Acc was found statistically elevated. No differences in spontaneous or (+)-amphetamine-stimulated locomotor activity were observed after either left or right lesions. These data confirm those previously obtained with the voltammetric approach and further support the existence of an asymmetrical functional interdependence between mesencephalic DAergic pathways reaching the Ent and the Acc. These results may provide new insights in the pathophysiology of schizophrenic psychoses.
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PMID:Asymmetrical increases in dopamine turn-over in the nucleus accumbens and lack of changes in locomotor responses following unilateral dopaminergic depletions in the entorhinal cortex. 946 87