Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P50583 (asymmetrical)
 12,197 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The kappa opioid agonists, Mr 2033 and U-50, 488, or the mu opioid agonist, morphine, were administered chronically to three separate groups of rhesus monkeys. Tolerance developed to the overt signs of intoxication produced by each compound. Monkeys receiving morphine were not cross-tolerant to Mr 2033 or to U-50, 488, and monkeys receiving U-50, 488 were not cross-tolerant to morphine. Monkeys given Mr 2033 chronically were, however, cross-tolerant to morphine. When administration of U-50,488 was interrupted, or the monkeys receiving this compound were given an opioid antagonist, withdrawal behaviors were displayed that were qualitatively different from deprivation or antagonist-induced morphine withdrawal. These signs were suppressed by kappa agonists but not by morphine. Deprivation-induced withdrawal from Mr 2033 resulted in signs similar to those shown by U-50,488-dependent monkeys and some signs were observed in withdrawn morphine-dependent monkeys. Several antagonists, including the mu-selective antagonist beta-funaltrexamine, precipitated signs of withdrawal normally associated with morphine dependence in Mr 2033-dependent monkeys. Withdrawal from Mr 2033 was suppressed by kappa agonists in a stereoselective manner, and by morphine. The asymmetrical cross-tolerance and cross-dependence between Mr 2033 and morphine, and the appearance of morphine-like signs during precipitated withdrawal, suggest that Mr 2033 is kappa receptor selective but not specific. Dependence to U-50,488, however, was qualitatively and pharmacologically distinct from morphine-dependence and is apparently a consequence of specific activity at kappa receptors.
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PMID:Kappa opioids in rhesus monkeys. III. Dependence associated with chronic administration. 330 8

Oligodeoxyribonucleotides (5'-phosphorylated) of varying lengths were capped using a polyamide linker to form thermodynamically stable, endcapped DNA duplexes containing 8-14 bp. We have employed these endcapped DNA duplexes as tools to determine the DNA footprint of T4 DNA ligase. By high-performance liquid chromatography and PAGE analysis of the ligation mixtures of the endcapped DNA duplexes, we have found that by varying the lengths and the position of the nick, we can determine the minimal DNA-binding site as well as the mode of binding (symmetrical or asymmetrical binding) by the enzyme. The results of the study revealed that a 11 bp endcapped duplex was the shortest duplex effectively ligated. Dependence of ligation efficiency on nick position demonstrates that T4 DNA ligase bound asymmetrically to its DNA substrate. The use of a set of thermodynamically stable endcapped deoxyribonucleoside duplexes as a tool to elucidate the DNA footprint provides an efficient strategy for footprinting, which avoids ambiguities associated with chemical and biochemical footprinting methods.
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PMID:Protein-DNA footprinting by endcapped duplex oligodeoxyribonucleotides. 1526 63

Dependence in the activity of sensorimotor cortex neurons recorded simultaneously in the left and right hemispheres was detected in rabbits in baseline conditions, during the state of immobilization ("animal hypnosis"), and recovery of animals from this state. In baseline conditions, the total percentage of dependent relationships between close-lying (within 50 microm) neurons in the left hemisphere was significantly smaller than in the right hemisphere and did not change either in the state of immobilization or on recovery from it. The total percentage of dependent relationships between close-lying neurons in the right hemisphere decreased significantly during immobilization and returned to baseline levels on recovery from this state. The percentage of dependent relationships between distant (500 microm) neurons in immobilization, conversely, showed no change in the cortex of the right hemisphere, though it changed significantly in the cortex of the left hemisphere, returning to baseline values when the rabbits recovered from this state. Further analysis showed that this cortical interhemisphere asymmetry was based on the asymmetrical activity of individual neurons and small neuronal populations. Thus, changes in the structure of dependent relationships between neurons in microareas of the cortex of the left and macroareas of the cortex of the right hemisphere could be in different directions, while changes in microareas of the right hemisphere and macroareas of the left hemisphere were synergistic. Thus, asymmetry was detected at different levels of neuronal combinations (neuron pairs, micro- and macrogroups of neurons), which suggests mosaicism in neuron structure, which ultimately leads to overall functional asymmetry in "animal hypnosis." Some changes in the structure of dependent relationships between sensorimotor cortex neurons arising in "animal hypnosis" persisted or even became more marked after recovery of animals from this state.
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PMID:Structure of dependent relationships between neurons in the sensorimotor cortex of the left and right hemispheres in rabbits in immobilization catatonia. 1558 15