Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P50583 (asymmetrical)
 12,197 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new panel of monoclonal antibodies to the calf uterus estrogen receptor was prepared. Thirteen antibodies were characterized for their isotype and for the affinity for the antigen. These antibodies recognize the human receptor and can be used in Western blot analysis. The location of the epitopes was mapped on the antigen structure using synthetic fragments of estrogen receptor, and it was possible to group the antibodies in five groups. Many antibodies were useful for the purification of estrogen receptor from tissue extracts by immunoaffinity chromatography. The reciprocal inhibition of the antibodies for the antigen binding was measured with an immunoadsorption assay. This was maximal and symmetrical for antibody pairs within the same group, but was incomplete and, in some instances, asymmetrical between pairs of antibodies from different groups. One antibody was able to inhibit the estrogen receptor-DNA interaction, whereas two others were unable to recognize the receptor-DNA complexes. This new panel of antibodies is a useful addition to the existing tools for studying structure and function of the estrogen receptor.
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PMID:Characterization and epitope mapping of a new panel of monoclonal antibodies to estradiol receptor. 767 26

Crystallographic and computer modeling studies throughout the last 25 years have shown the structure of diethylstilbestrol (DES) to exist in two symmetrical or one asymmetrical conformation. As a result of specific comparisons to estradiol-17 beta (E2), the asymmetrical DES conformer has been suggested as the geometry possessing estrogenic activity. In the present study, a more complete set of DES conformations has been elucidated through the use of computer modeling. All previously defined DES geometries were found within this new set of ten structural forms. Differences between the molecular mechanics heat of formation energies of the ten conformers, as well as the transition energies separating them from each other, were found to be less than 1 kcal/mol. Additionally, a computer-based molecular alignment method was employed to quantitatively compare the steric and electrostatic molecular features of each DES conformer relative to E2. All ten DES structures were found to have shape relationships similar to E2. Thus, a model for the estrogen action of DES is presented whereby this stilbene can favorably interact with the estrogen receptor regardless of the conformation or orientation of the initial ligand-receptor association.
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PMID:A molecular modeling analysis of diethylstilbestrol conformations and their similarity to estradiol-17 beta. 865 Jul 2

Estrogen affects female sexual behavior, analgesia, and micturition in mammals. One of the possible sites at which estrogen might exert its effect on these functions is the periaqueductal gray (PAG). The PAG is involved in each of these functions, it receives sensory input relevant to these functions from the lumbosacral cord, and contains estrogen receptor-alpha immunoreactive (ER-alpha IR) neurons. The present light (LM) and electron microscopic (EM) study seeks to determine whether there are monosynaptic projections from the lumbosacral cord to ER-alpha IR neurons in the PAG of the female rhesus monkey. Tracer was injected into the lumbosacral cord to visualize the lumbosacral-PAG projection, and the distribution of ER-alpha IR neurons in the PAG was studied immunohistochemically. The medial part of the ventrolateral caudal PAG received the densest projection from the lumbosacral cord. Another prominent projection was found in the lateral PAG at the intercollicular level. Although ER-alpha IR neurons were widely distributed throughout the PAG, approximately 40% of ER-alpha IR PAG neurons were located as a distinct cluster in the medial portion of the ventrolateral, caudal PAG. Double labeling experiments showed that the location of this cluster precisely overlapped with the densest lumbosacral-PAG projection. EM revealed that axons from the lumbosacral cord made asymmetrical synaptic contacts with unlabeled dendrites and ER-alpha IR neuronal somata in the ventrolateral PAG. It is concluded that there exists a specific, monosynaptic pathway from lumbosacral neurons to ER-alpha expressing PAG neurons in the rhesus monkey. This pathway might be involved in the mechanisms of analgesia, blood pressure, mating behavior, and micturition.
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PMID:Estrogen receptor-alpha immunoreactive neurons in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray receive monosynaptic input from the lumbosacral cord in the rhesus monkey. 1179 45