Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P50583 (asymmetrical)
 12,197 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We investigated the hydrocephalus in 24 patients associated with acoustic neurinoma. We found the high incidence of homo-lateral ventricular dilatation to the side of the acoustic neurinoma. Utilizing magnetic resonance imaging, the diameter of the tumor parallel to the pyramidal bone, diameter of the tumor perpendicular to the pyramidal bone, grade of the 4th ventricle deviation, and the shape of the tumor (round or oval) were analyzed. Ten (42%) of the 24 patients with acoustic neurinoma were found to have hydrocephalus. Seven (70%) of the 10 patients with hydrocephalus exhibited asymmetrical lateral ventricle dilatation: in all cases the lateral ventricle in the hemisphere homolateral to the acoustic neurinoma was larger than that of the contralateral side. The hydrocephalus was not related to the grade of the 4th ventricle deviation but rather to the diameter of the tumor parallel to the pyramidal bone (p < 0.01). The diameter of the tumor parallel to the pyramidal bone was also related to the asymmetrical lateral ventricular dilatation (p < 0.05).
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PMID:MRI analysis of hydrocephalus associated with acoustic neurinoma. 1475 4

Computer models were developed to simulate the capture and subsequent deposition of magnetic microparticles (MMPs) in a blood vessel adjacent to a ferromagnetic wire (e.g., acupuncture needle) magnetized by a uniform external magnetic field. Process parameter conditions were obtained to enable optimal capture of MMPs into the deposit. It was found that the maximum capture distance of the MMPs was within 0.5-2.0 mm when the particles were superparamagnetic and had large size (>1.0 microm) and relative large flow rates (2.5-5.0 cm/s) as in a healthy artery. It was also found that the deposits were asymmetrical and that their size was between 1.0 and 2.0 mm. For the case of lower flow rates as can be found in a tumor (<1.0 mm/s) and using small magnetite particles (0.25-2.0 microm) the maximum capture distance was larger, ranging between approximately 0.5 and 6.4 mm, depending on the blood flow rate, the radius of wire, and particle clustering. The range of embolization (deposition) in this later case was between 0.5 and 5.9 mm. The potential of this technique to generate MMPs deposits to embolize blood vessels inhibiting the blood supply and thus facilitating necrosis of tumors located deep within the patient (3-7 cm) is discussed.
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PMID:Simulating the embolization of blood vessels using magnetic microparticles and acupuncture needle in a magnetic field. 1476 56

Most mammalian continuously renewing tissues are maintained by stem cells located within stem cell niches. Each niche contains a number of stem cells that replicate asymmetrically to give differentiated cells and also undergo periodic deletion and compensatory replacement by symmetrical "self-renewal" divisions of stem cells remaining within the niche. It has been recognized that there is selective pressure for an increased rate of self-renewal divisions and that the increasingly likely consequence is neoplasia. However, to date it has not been appreciated that there is also an independent selective pressure for a decreased rate of asymmetrical divisions. In this article, the origin of this second type of selective pressure is explained and its consequences explored through the use of computer modeling. It is shown that age-related changes in a range of mammalian stem cell compartments can be understood in the context of a decreased rate of asymmetrical stem cell divisions with an increased propensity for self-renewal divisions. It is proposed that a decreased rate of asymmetrical divisions impairs the ability of old stem cell compartments to respond effectively to stress.
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PMID:Selective pressure for a decreased rate of asymmetrical divisions within stem cell niches may contribute to age-related alterations in stem cell function. 1531 98

Bni1p, implicated in cell polarity control and microtubule regulation during yeast budding, is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae homolog of human Formin-homology proteins, such as FMN1, FMN2, FHOD1, FHOD3, FHDC1, GRID2IP, FMNL1, FMNL2, FMNL3, DIAPH1, DIAPH2, DIAPH3, DAAM1 and DAAM2. Cdc50p is necessary for subcellular localization of Bni1p and asymmetrical cell division. Lem3p and Ynr048wp are yeast homologs of Cdc50p; however, mammalian homologs of Cdc50p remained to be identified. Here, we identified and characterized CDC50A (TMEM30A), CDC50B (TMEM30B) and CDC50C (TMEM30C) genes by using bioinformatics. C6orf67 and FLJ33850 were representative human CDC50A and CDC50B cDNAs, respectively. Complete coding sequence of CDC50C cDNA was determined by assembling seven exons within AC129803.3 genome sequence. CDC50A, CDC50B and CDC50C genes were mapped to human chromosome 6q14.1, 14q23.1 and 3q12, respectively. Human CDC50A mRNA was expressed in embryonic stem (ES) cells, placenta, brain and chondrosarcoma, while CDC50B mRNA was expressed in pancreatic islet, kidney, prostate as well as in lung carcinoid, parathyroid tumor, bladder tumor, meningioma and pancreatic cancer. Mouse Cdc50a (2010200I23), Cdc50b (9130011B11) and Cdc50c (4933401B01) cDNAs were also identified. Mammalian CDC50 homologs, including human CDC50A (361 aa), CDC50B (351 aa), CDC50C (341 aa), mouse Cdc50a (364 aa), Cdc50b (353 aa) and Cdc50c (342 aa), were two-transmembrane-spanning proteins with one extracellular loop. Membrane topology and extracellular loop containing three Cys residues and one Asn-linked glycosylation site were evolutionarily conserved among mammalian CDC50 homologs and yeast Cdc50p homologs. Mammalian CDC50 homologs were predicted components of phospholipid-translocators just like yeast Cdc50p and Lem3p.
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PMID:Identification and characterization of CDC50A, CDC50B and CDC50C genes in silico. 1537 26

Recent introduction of a learning algorithm for cDNA microarray analysis has permitted to select feature set to accurately distinguish human cancers according to their pathological judgments. Here, we demonstrate that hepatitis B virus-positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) could successfully be identified from non-tumor liver tissues by supervised learning analysis of gene expression profiling. Through learning and cross-validating HCC sample set, we could identify an optimized set of 44 genes to discriminate the status of HCC from non-tumor liver tissues. In an analysis of other blind-tested HCC sample sets, this feature set was found to be statistically significant, indicating the reproducibility of our molecular discrimination approach with the defined genes. One prominent finding was an asymmetrical distribution pattern of expression profiling in HCC, in which the number of down-regulated genes was greater than that of up-regulated genes. In conclusion, the present findings indicate that application of learning algorithm to HCC may establish a reliable feature set of genes to be useful for therapeutic target of HCC, and that the asymmetric expression pattern may emphasize the importance of suppressed genes in HCC.
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PMID:Feature genes of hepatitis B virus-positive hepatocellular carcinoma, established by its molecular discrimination approach using prediction analysis of microarray. 1560 17

The article reports results obtained in 48 cases of lower lip cancer. Tumor classified as T1 or T2, requiring a resection up to 60% of the lower lip, were treated with the stair-case technique. Nine patients were treated with the bilateral symmetrical stair-case technique since their lesions were located medially, while 23 were treated with the bilateral method using two asymmetrical flaps because their lesions were in paramedian position but larger than 2 cm. Ten patients required a unilateral flap. The cases classified as T3, in which the lesion required resection of more than 60% of the lip, were treated with the Bernard-Freeman-Fries technique.
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PMID:Treatment of lower lip cancer: an experience of 48 cases. 1561 63

The purpose of this study was to describe unusual variants of Alexander's disease. We studied 10 patients who did not meet previously established magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) criteria for Alexander's disease, but for whom this diagnosis was considered because of Rosenthal fibers at histological examination or presence of some MRI features suggestive of Alexander's disease. Sequence analysis of the GFAP gene was performed. In eight patients, MRI results showed predominantly posterior fossa lesions, especially multiple tumor-like brainstem lesions. One patient had asymmetrical frontal white matter abnormalities and basal ganglia abnormalities. One patient (Patient 10) developed degeneration of the frontal white matter. In nine patients, a mutation was found that was concluded to be pathogenic, because the mutation was de novo (five patients), a known mutation was found (two patients), or assembly of the glial fibrillary acidic protein was abnormal in cultured cells (two patients). In Patient 10, a DNA variation was found that was also present in the patient's clinically unaffected father and was concluded to be a polymorphism. In conclusion, DNA diagnostics is warranted in patients who display MRI features suggestive of Alexander's disease, even if they do not meet the full set of previously established MRI criteria.
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PMID:Unusual variants of Alexander's disease. 1573 19

Traditional surgical treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer includes excision with subsequent evaluation of surgical margins, either via frozen sections intraoperatively or after excision and closure. Accurate communication between surgeon and pathologist regarding the meaning of surgical margins should be confirmed. Recurrences of tumor growth may in part be attributed to asymmetrical tumor growth patterns with extension of tumor in an unanticipated direction. Mohs micrographic surgery is an outpatient procedure that maximizes surgical margin evaluation while minimizing the amount of tissue that must be excised. This article will discuss the concept of surgical margins in excisions of nonmelanoma skin cancer and the role of Mohs micrographic surgery.
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PMID:Surgical margins in the treatment of nonmelanoma skin cancer and mohs micrographic surgery. 1612 11

The activation of a telomere maintenance mechanism (TMM) is indispensable for cellular immortalization, a hallmark of human cancer. Although most human cancers use telomerase as their TMM, some use an alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism. The latter especially include specific subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas where ALT occurs most often in tumors with complex karyotypes, astrocytic brain tumors and osteosarcomas. The prognostic significance of ALT varies according to the type of tumor. Some ALT cells have atypical features, suggesting the possibility that there is more than one ALT mechanism. ALT cells are characterized by instability at a specific minisatellite locus (although they are stable at microsatellite loci) and by high rates of telomeric recombinational exchange. We propose a revised model whereby unequal telomeric exchange and asymmetrical chromosome segregation could result in telomere length maintenance in a cell population. In at least some ALT cells, telomere maintenance requires the integrity of the MRN (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1) recombination complex and is efficiently repressed by its sequestration. Microsatellite instability (MSI) often results in disruption of MRN, so ALT may usually be incompatible with MSI. We suggest that ALT in human tumors is a dysregulated version of an aspect of normal mammalian telomere homeostasis, which may be a vestige of the TMM used by ancient eukaryotes. Understanding the molecular basis of ALT has important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors that use this TMM.
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PMID:The first molecular details of ALT in human tumor cells. 1624 17

Adrenal tuberculosis is relatively infrequent cause of primary adrenocortical insufficiency in developed countries. Adrenal involvement is most often the result of hematogenous spread of the pulmonary tuberculosis. Isolated adrenal tuberculosis, especially with enlargement of adrenal glands can cause diagnostic problems and requires differentiation from primary or secondary neoplastic disease. In this paper we present a case of 61-year-old man with several months history of adrenocortical insufficiency without signs of pulmonary tuberculosis. Computed tomography scan revealed asymmetrical mass-like enlargement in adrenal glands. Despite of consecutive investigations, the diagnosis remained uncertain. Because of the possibility of neoplastic process of unknown origin, the patient was qualified for surgical exploration during which both enlarged glands were removed. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was made on microscopic examination.
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PMID:[Adrenal tuberculosis as a cause of primary adrenal insufficiency--case report]. 1624 32


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