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 12,197 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Following a 3-year epidemiological study of the appearance of dental caries in a population of children aged 6 to 9 years (and examined every 12 months), a model of the evolution of the frequency of caries based on a Poisson "with zeros" distribution is proposed. The multivariate distribution of the above phenomena appears as a mixture of multiple negative binomial distribution (MNB) of the following form: sigma mjMNB(a;k0jb,k1jb,k2jb) with sigma mj = 1. The experimental data from the sample of 501 children validate the model in its successive stages. Simulations using the bootstrap method show that the estimates of the model parameters remain stable in the neighbourhood of the distribution observed; at the same time they permit establishing the margins of confidence. Finally, it is shown why the total number of dental faces affected during the experimental period remained strongly asymmetrical.
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PMID:[Longitudinal study of the evolution of the frequency of dental caries in a school milieu: a statistical model]. 653 3

Dental fluorosis is a developmental disturbance of dental enamel, caused by successive exposures to high concentrations of fluoride during tooth development, leading to enamel with lower mineral content and increased porosity. The severity of dental fluorosis depends on when and for how long the overexposure to fluoride occurs, the individual response, weight, degree of physical activity, nutritional factors and bone growth. The risk period for esthetic changes in permanent teeth is between 20 and 30 months of age. The recommended level for daily fluoride intake is 0.05 - 0.07 mg F/Kg/day, which is considered of great help in preventing dental caries, acting in remineralization. A daily intake above this safe level leads to an increased risk of dental fluorosis. Currently recommended procedures for diagnosis of fluorosis should discriminate between symmetrical and asymmetrical and/or discrete patterns of opaque defects. Fluorosis can be prevented by having an adequate knowledge of the fluoride sources, knowing how to manage this issue and therefore, avoid overexposure.
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PMID:Dental fluorosis: exposure, prevention and management. 1917 49

Wormian bones, also known as intrasutural bones, are present as an anatomical variation in healthy individuals. However, a higher than the usual incidence can be an important feature of some congenital pathological conditions. In this study we describe a case of an adult cranium with multiple Wormian bones. The cranium was a single sample obtained from an archaeological excavation in Vinitsa, Northeastern Bulgaria, and probably dated in the Chalcolithic. The Chalcolithic is a period of human history connected with discovering and using of copper. Actually, it is a transitional phase between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age. In this case the Wormian bones are mostly large in size and arranged in a mosaic pattern in several cranial regions. The cranium also shows features such as dolichocrany, a moderate platybasia, a notch in the posterior margin of the foramen magnum, hypoplastic and asymmetrical frontal sinuses, underdeveloped mastoid air cells, hyperostosis cranii interna, moderate frontal bossing, a complete metopic suture, a delayed sutural closure, relatively small facial bones, an early loss of teeth, dental caries and hypoplastic enamel defects on two preserved molars. Differential diagnosis indicates that the combination of all these features shows a link with pathological conditions involving dysplasias with prominent membranous bone involvement and an increased bone density such as cleidocranial dysplasia and pyknodysostosis.
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PMID:Multiple Wormian bones and their relation with definite pathological conditions in a case of an adult cranium. 2506 15