Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 12,197 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical and MRI appearances were reviewed in 25 cases of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) seen in a university hospital in South India. Specific viral infections and Semple antirabies vaccination together accounted for 56% of antecedent events. Clinical and MRI features were suggestive of diffuse/multifocal form in 15 patients. Of the 10 patients with clinically site restricted forms, two patients with dorsal myelitis and one patient with polyradiculitis had asymptomatic cerebral white matter lesions. MRI was essentially normal in all the four patients with acute ataxia following varicella infection. Of the 13 patients with multiple white matter lesions, lesions were asymmetrical in size and morphology in nine patients and symmetrical in four patients. Two of them had extensive destructive lesions and one patient had multiple discrete lesions. Lesions occurred at the corticomedullary junctions in seven patients. The distribution was subcortical and/or centrum semiovale in 10 patients. The regions affected include internal capsule(s), thalami, brainstem, cerebellar peduncles and cerebellum. No specific differences were observed in patients with ADEM following specific viral infections, Semple antirabies vaccination, and nonspecific upper respiratory tract infections. There was fairly good correlation between clinical and MRI findings in 81% of patients. Patients with incomplete recovery showed extensive and/or multifocal lesions.
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PMID:Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: clinical and MRI study from South India. 1045 Jul 98

We report acute encephalopathy in two cases with severe congenital hydrocephalus. Case 1 was a 23-month-old girl, born at of 36weeks gestation and delivered by cesarean section due to congenital hydrocephalus. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed prominent ventricular dilation associated with hydrocephalus, Dandy-Walker variant and cortical malformation. The blood test for toxoplasmosis, syphilis, varicella-zoster, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus (TORCH) complex and various metabolic tests of blood and urine specimens yielded unremarkable results. She was admitted to our hospital for respiratory failure with fever and her clinical course deteriorated, progressing to hemiconvulsion hemiplegia epilepsy syndrome. Case 2 was a 17-month-old boy, born by spontaneous vertex delivery at 39weeks. Severe, asymmetrical ventricular dilation associated with hydrocephalus, cerebellar and brainstem hypoplasia, and punctuate calcifications of the thalamus, third and fourth ventricles, around the aqueduct, were observed on computed tomography (CT). The blood test for TORCH complex and various metabolic tests of blood and urine specimens yielded unremarkable results. He was admitted to our hospital for status epilepticus with fever and his clinical course progressed to hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome. In patients with brain disorders, diagnosis and treatment are likely to be delayed and prognosis may thereby be worsened. When status epileptics or prolonged coma manifests even in patients with severe brain disorders, we must consider encephalopathy in the differential diagnosis.
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PMID:Acute encephalopathy in two cases with severe congenital hydrocephalus. 2109 88