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Query: UNIPROT:P50502 (Hip)
 7,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The greater hip fracture rate among elderly women is generally ascribed to differences in femoral neck strength between the sexes. Strength of a given bone is a function of both its material properties and the magnitudes of mechanical stresses within it. This study examined the hypothesis that these apparent strength differences between the sexes are due to dissimilarities in the restructuring of the femoral neck with age, which result in higher stresses in elderly women. Using Hip Strength Analysis, a computer program developed by the authors, femoral neck cross-sectional geometric properties for stress analyses were derived from bone mineral image data of 409 community living, white subjects ranging from 19 to 93 years of age. Though both sexes show declines in femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) and cross-sectional area with age, only females show a decline in the cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI, a geometric index of bone rigidity). The lack of decline in male CSMI appears to be a result of a small but significant increase in femoral neck girth. Similar age-related changes have been observed in the femoral shaft by others. The net effect of these observed changes is that mechanical stresses in the femoral neck of females appear to increase at three times the rate per decade of those of males. These results lend support to the hypothesis that the higher fracture rate in elderly women is due, at least in part, to elevated levels of mechanical stress, resulting from a combination of greater bone loss and less compensatory geometric restructuring with age.
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PMID:Sex differences in geometry of the femoral neck with aging: a structural analysis of bone mineral data. 173 66

Leg movements in the supine position of 49 infants with spastic diplegia (three to 11 months corrected age) were examined. Only simultaneous flexion and extension of the hips and knees were seen, with exceptional isolated hip movements; the simultaneous movements had synergic features. When the knees were flexed, the hips were flexed, abducted and externally rotated, and the ankles were dorsiflexed. When the knees were extended, the hips were extended, adducted and internally rotated and the ankles were plantar-flexed. Hip flexion combined with knee extension (leg elevation) and isolated knee movements were not seen in diplegic infants, but were seen in all control preterm infants with a good prognosis, after five and six months corrected age, respectively. The absence of these movements is a useful diagnostic item for spastic diplegia.
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PMID:Leg movements in the supine position of infants with spastic diplegia. 174 14

Hip fractures occur frequently among the elderly, often with severe medical, psychological and social repercussions. This research takes a new look at hip fracture rehabilitation, focusing on meanings and post-fracture prognostic indicators. An innovative methodological approach to narrative analysis is employed which combines ethnographic and epidemiologic techniques. Analyses of injury narratives from 80 elderly subjects interviewed soon after initial hospitalization are presented, focusing on three categories of meaning: explanatory models, sense of disability, and futurity. Insights from these narratives, as well as from questionnaires and observations, shed light on the experience of hip fracture for the elderly. In addition, aspects of the initial narratives are considered in relation to ambulation outcomes at 3 and 6 months. Those individuals who perceive their problem in a more external or mechanical fashion (caused by the environment) show greater improvement in ambulation at 3 and 6 months relative to those who show no evidence of this thinking or who perceive it as an internal or organic problem (in terms of disease or illness). Greater improvement in ambulation at 3 and 6 months is also noted for subjects whose perception of disability was consistent with more autonomy, independence, and a sense of connection with the world around them. The present study demonstrates the potential utility of narrative analysis as a data reduction approach. It also suggests the possibility of new psychosocial prognostic factors for hip fracture rehabilitation.
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PMID:Finding meaning after the fall: injury narratives from elderly hip fracture patients. 174 19

Haemochromatosis (HC) is a group of phenotypically heterogeneous clinical syndromes, which may have a common molecular basis. Classical genetic haemochromatosis (GHC) is one of these syndromes and is a disorder of iron storage due to an increase in intestinal iron absorption, which results in progressive and massive iron deposition leading to fibrosis and organ malfunction. The liver, pancreas, heart and pituitary are commonly involved. There is a specific arthropathy and an association with osteoporosis. Clinically, the arthropathy may resemble rheumatoid arthritis, with acute attacks of inflammation associated with bilateral destruction of the metacarpophalangeal joints. However, bony joint swelling may occur, suggestive of osteoarthritis. Hip arthritis may be unduly severe and disabling. Haemochromatosis arthritis is composed of three radiographic categories: isolated chondrocalcinosis, hypertrophic osteoarthritis which is indistinguishable from pyrophosphate associated arthropathy, and disease specific changes such as subchondral radiolucency of the femoral head, hook-like osteophytes on the metacarpal heads and a degenerative predilection for the metacarpophalangeal joint rather than the scapholunate. The characteristic histological changes are: abnormal amounts of iron deposits, little or no signs of synovial inflammation and CPPD deposition. Subchondral radiolucency of the femoral head and atypical stripping of the cartilage from the subchondral bone are thought to be specific radiographic and histological changes of HC. The pathogenesis of HC arthritis has been associated with the presence of iron in joint tissue, a defect in cartilage metabolism and immunological dysfunction. Treatment has little effect on clinical, radiological or histological progression.
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PMID:Rheumatic manifestations of haemochromatosis. 175 88

Hundred and ten consecutive cases in acute and various stages of chronicity were studied. Incidence regarding age, sex, bone affected and complications was established. The optimum way to manage osteomyelitis in different stages was sought. It was found that in acute stage early decompression of bone leads to resolution of disease. Hip involvement leads to necrosis of capital epiphysis and should be treated on an emergency basis. In the sub-acute stage it is necessary to protect the weakened bone. In chronic stage, we suggest sequestrectomy only after adequate involucrum has formed properly. Antibiotics in acute stage should be instituted as early as possible and should be continued for three weeks after the fever subsides. Antibiotics in sub-acute and chronic stage are given only in cases of reactivation of infection and around the time of surgery. Surgery, when required should be performed without too much soft tissue damage especially the covering periosteum. But repeated surgery should be avoided as they lead to cicatrization of muscles and further sequestration of bone.
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PMID:Natural course of hematogenous pyogenic osteomyelitis (a retrospective study of 110 cases). 180

Angus and Charolais heifers (195 +/- 7 kg) were actively immunized against growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) to evaluate the effect on concentrations of somatotropin (ST), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), insulin (INS), growth, and onset of puberty. Primary immunizations were given at 184 +/- 7 d of age (d 0 of experiment) by injecting (s.c.) 1.5 mg of GRF-(1-29)-Gly-Gly-Cys-NH2 conjugated to 1.5 mg of human serum albumin (GRFi, n = 22) or 1.5 mg of human serum albumin (HSAi, n = 21). Booster immunizations of .5 mg of antigen were given on d 62, 92, 153, and 251. Antibody binding (percentage at 1:2,000 dilution) to [125I]GRF on d 69 was greater (P less than .01) in GRFi (53.7 +/- 4.5) than in HSAi (10.1 +/- .6) heifers. Serum concentration (ng/ml) and frequency (peaks/5 h) of ST release, respectively, on d 78 were lower (P less than .01) in GRFi than in HSAi heifers (3.3 +/- .1 vs 5.6 +/- .2 and .9 +/- .3 vs 2.3 +/- .2). Serum IGF-I (ng/ml) was lower (P less than .01) in GRFi than in HSAi heifers on d 69 (41 +/- 5 vs 112 +/- 4). Serum INS (microU/ml) on d 78 was lower (P less than .05) in GRFi (2.2 +/- .1) than in HSAi (3.8 +/- .2) heifers. Feed intake, ADG, and feed efficiency were lower (P less than .05) in GRFi than in HSAi heifers. Hip height was lower (P less than .01) and fat thickness was greater (P less than .05) in GRFi than in HSAi heifers by d 132 and 167, respectively. Percentage of heifers attaining puberty (progesterone greater than 1 ng/ml for two consecutive weeks) by d 209 and 379 (12.9 and 18.5 mo of age), respectively, was lower (P less than .05) in GRFi (40.9 and 45.5) than in HSAi (81.0 and 100). In conclusion, growing heifers were successively immunized against GRF. Active immunization against GRF resulted in decreased serum concentration of ST, IGF-I, and INS. In addition, GRF immunization led to lowered feed intake, ADG, and feed efficiency, increased fat depth, and delayed onset of puberty in heifers. We propose that ST and IGF-I are important metabolic mediators involved in the initiation of puberty in heifers.
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PMID:Effect of active immunization against growth hormone-releasing factor on growth and onset of puberty in beef heifers. 180 88

Bone fractures represented 3.3% of diagnosis among 1,003,267 patients discharged from National Health System Hospitals in Chile during 1985. Among 73,534 certified deaths, 1.2% followed fractures. Significantly higher rates were observed in males; after age 75, fractures were more common in females. Rates per 100,000 for different fractures were: radio-cubital 45.4, shine and fibula 41, ankle 28.1, humerus 25.3, and hip 23.5. Among males the figures were shine and fibula 66.2, radius and cubitus 64.9, face 37.5 and ankle 37.1. Among females, hip 28.2, radius and cubitus 26.3, ankle 19.3 and humerus 16.5. Hip fracture is clearly related to age, the incidence raising from below 60 per 100,000 under age 60 to 617 in females and 330 in males above that age. Other fractures that increase with age include radius and cubitus, shine and fibula, ankle, humerus and femur.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of fractures in Chile]. 182 52

A previous modelization of the Total Hip Dislocation phenomenon enabled us to separate two main forms: The malposition dislocation, secondary to an error in the position of one of the prosthetic pieces, and mainly of the acetabular cup; the dislocation by muscular discoaptation, where the arthroplasty has discompensated a precarious muscular balance. The authors present a statistical validation of the model regarding 52 dislocations which occurred during the follow-up of 1196 hip arthroplasties. A "control" group was composed of 50 prostheses taken at random within the non-dislocated hips. The total rate of dislocation was 4.30 per cent. Every second one showed to be of malposition origin with a significant limitation of the theoretical intra-prosthetic amplitudes. These dislocations--all appearing early--were, for half, of the anterior type, and in that case, were mainly due to an excess of acetabular anteversion (average 35.2 degrees), the other half was of posterior type, with, in particular, a low value of acetabular anteversion (average 11.4 degrees when it was 23.4 degrees in the non-dislocated group). The other dislocations (all posterior and more delayed) corresponded to a defect of muscular coaptation in the "high-risk" patients (previously operated hip, weight loss, necrotic etiology, neuromuscular etiology, old age). Thus, in almost 90 per cent of the cases, the clinical study brought a validation of our model giving a different explanation from the too classical "cam-acting", often held responsible for the dislocation phenomena.
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PMID:[Luxation of total hip prosthesis. Statistical validation of a modelization, apropos of 52 cases]. 183 20

The authors are presenting a retrospective study of the long time results of 702 femoral cephalic endoprostheses, 451 unipolar and 251 bipolar. The mean age of the patients at the moment of intervention was 80 years, the operation was done in the majority of the cases for a fracture of the femoral neck. The average follow-up was 33 months for the unipolar, and 24 months for the bipolar prostheses. The rate of reoperations was similar in both series, but the rate of luxations was slightly lower for the unipolar prostheses. 82 patients (out of 120 surviving) have been controlled with an average follow-up of 6.5 and 4.5 years. The unipolar prostheses had a lower average New Mayo Hip Score (58.5 vs. 68.2). Radiologically, there were 7 acetabular protrusions in the group of unipolar prostheses and none in the other group. If both types of prostheses have their place in surgery of the hip, the authors recommend to implant bipolar prostheses in younger and more active patients, where a survival of many years is expected.
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PMID:[Cephalic prosthesis for fractures of the femoral neck (702 cases). Comparative results of simple and intermediate cephalic prostheses]. 183 65

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common painful inflammatory condition occurring mainly in the later half of life. Hip and knee are the joints mostly affected. Petiveria alliacea (tipi) popularly known as an anti-rheumatic medicine, has been used by OA patients to relief pain. This one-week cross-over double-blind trial has preliminary evaluated the analgesic effect of tipi tea in 14 patients with hip and knee OA. Imperata exaltata (sape) was used as the Placebo tea. The pain assessments that were made at baseline and before the start of the second treatment period by treatment groups were comparable. While taking tipi or placebo tea patients experienced a statistically significant improvement in pain on motion and pain at night. The comparison between the improvements reported while on tipi and placebo tea, however, did not disclose any statistically significant difference. At the conclusion of the study 7 patients preferred tipi tea and 6 preferred placebo tea (NS). Two patients reported insomnia, one during placebo treatment and the other during tipi treatment.
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PMID:The effectiveness of tipi in the treatment of hip and knee osteoarthritis--a preliminary report. 184 10


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