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Query: UNIPROT:P50502 (Hip)
 7,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hip fractures are recognized to be a major public health problem in many Western nations, most notably those in North America, Europe and Oceania. Incidence rates for hip fracture in other parts of the world are generally lower than those reported for these predominantly Caucasian populations, and this has led to the belief that osteoporosis represents less of a problem to the nations of Asia, South American and Africa. Demographic changes in the next 60 years, however, will lead to huge increases in the elderly populations of those countries. We have applied available incidence rates for hip fracture from various parts of the world to projected populations in 1990, 2025 and 2050 in order to estimate the numbers of hip fractures which might occur in each of the major continental regions. The projections indicate that the number of hip fractures occurring in the world each year will rise from 1.66 million in 1990 to 6.26 million by 2050. While Europe and North America account for about half of all hip fractures among elderly people today, this proportion will fall to around one quarter in 2050, by which time steep increases will be observed throughout Asia and Latin America. The results suggest that osteoporosis will truly become a global problem over the next half century, and that preventive strategies will be required in parts of the world where they are not currently felt to be necessary.
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PMID:Hip fractures in the elderly: a world-wide projection. 142 96

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is commonly performed in an older population, for whom gold is often the only form of exercise. Members of the Hip Society do not feel that golfers have increased rates of complications after THA when compared to nongolfers and permit their patients to play gold with a THA. Most golfers will see their handicaps increase after total joint arthroplasty, although this does not appear to be a function of drive length. Most golfers with a successful primary total joint arthroplasty will not have pain while playing golf but will likely experience a mild ache in the hip region after playing. Hybrid and uncemented primary THAs appear to have lower rates of radiographic loosening in active golfers when compared to cemented THAs. However, symptoms of pain while playing or after playing do not differ among these groups, despite this radiographic difference.
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PMID:Total hip arthroplasty in active golfers. 143 14

Forty-nine consecutive uncemented porous-coated LSF total hip prostheses were implanted in 41 patients and studied prospectively. Clinical rating as described by Harris was performed preoperatively, at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively, and annually thereafter. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were obtained preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, at 6 and 12 months, and annually thereafter. At the most recent follow-up visit, patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically utilizing the format recently recommended by the Hip Society. A patient satisfaction questionnaire was also completed. The follow-up period averaged 37 months (range, 24-48 months). Preoperative hip scores averaged 38 (range, 18-68) and improved to 93 at the most recent follow-up visit (range, 76-100). The incidence of mild pain was 14% at 1 year and 4% at 2 years or more. The incidence of limp was 16% slight and 8% moderate at 1 year, and 12% slight and 2% moderate at 2 years or more. Surgical fit was objectively graded as excellent in 61%, good in 33%, and poor in 6%. The authors were unable to correlate surgical fit with clinical scores or radiographic findings. According to radiographic criteria, all components were judged to be stable and 86% were judged to demonstrate objective signs of osseointegration. Patient satisfaction with the procedure was 100%. All patients stated that the procedure increased their function and decreased their pain and need for medication. Compared to a normal hip, in terms of symptoms and function, the patients rated their postoperative hip at 85% (range, 50-100%). Compared to their level of activity before their hip was symptomatic, they rated their current activity level as 83% (range, 50-100%).
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PMID:Clinical and radiographic analysis of the uncemented LSF total hip arthroplasty. 143 16

Recent studies have suggested that ultrasound examinations may improve diagnostic accuracy in congenital dislocation of the hip, but there is differing opinion whether ultrasound diagnosis should be based on morphology or stability. Ultrasound was added to the routine clinical screening in 1503 newborns (1291 girls and 212 boys). Hip morphology was classified according to Graf (type 1-4), while sonographic stability was based on a modified Barlow maneuver, and classified as stable, elastic deflection (normal finding), unstable (provocating a gap between the femoral head and the acetabulum) and dislocated. Among 80 morphologically dysplastic hips, 73 (91%) were sonographically unstable or dislocated, while seven dysplastic hips were stable. On the other hand, in 49% of the sonographic unstable hips (69 out of 142) the acetabulum was either normal or just physiologically immature. 38 of these hips were left untreated and normalized spontaneously. There was a close correlation between sonographically and clinically determined hip stability (gamma = 0.95). Our study shows that the majority of morphologically dysplastic hips is sonographically unstable or dislocated, but also that morphologically dysplastic hips may be stable. Morphologically normal hips showing minor sonographic instability do probably not require treatment, and thus morphology seems to be an important diagnostic criterion.
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PMID:Ultrasound in the early diagnosis of congenital dislocation of the hip: the significance of hip stability versus acetabular morphology. 143 67

The risk of falling increases with age and with many of the disorders common in late life. Approximately 35 to 40% of community-dwelling people over the age of 65 and up to 50% of institutionalized elderly fall at least once every year. The incidence is highest in women and the very old. Hip fracture, one of the most serious injuries associated with falls, assumes epidemic proportions in old people. In addition to physical injury, falls can have other serious consequences for the older person. Repeated falls are a common reason for the admission of previously independent elderly persons to long-term care institutions. This article examines why older people fall and what factors place persons at risk for falling. The multiple reasons for an inconsistency of the epidemiological data are discussed.
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PMID:[Epidemiology of falls and hip fractures]. 143 22

Hip fractures in awake patients are rarely subtle in their clinical presentation. We report two cases of occult, comminuted, intertrochanteric hip fractures that occurred in awake, elderly patients who were brought to the emergency department for evaluation of other medical conditions. Neither patient complained of hip pain, and both were transported to the ED without spinal immobilization. Physical examination revealed no sign of hip fracture. Patient 1 was scheduled for admission and just prior to transfer out of the ED developed hip pain. Patient 2 was admitted for workup of possible transient ischemic attack and approximately 2.5 hours after admission complained of hip pain. Radiographs of both patients revealed comminuted intertrochanteric hip fractures. In an elderly, nonambulatory patient who may have fallen prior to evaluation, routine radiographs of the pelvis and hip should be performed followed by plain tomography, computed tomography, bone scan, or magnetic resonance imaging as indicated to rule out occult hip fracture. Even comminuted intertrochanteric hip fractures can present in an occult fashion; therefore, a high index of suspicion must be maintained for these injuries.
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PMID:Clinically occult presentation of comminuted intertrochanteric hip fractures. 144 54

Hip flexor spasticity, which is often associated with central nervous system (CNS) diseases, is a major impediment in rehabilitation. In order to cope with this problem, lumbar nerve blocking techniques developed by Meelhuysen and major and minor psoas muscle blocking techniques developed by Awad have been used in combination with physical therapies. Based on these techniques, we conducted major and minor psoas muscle phenol block (motor point block or intramuscular nerve block) under ultrasonic monitoring. Phenol block was conducted in nine patients with cerebral infarction (13 blocking procedures) and three with spinal cord injuries (six blocking procedures) while keeping them in a lateral position with the operation side upside. The beginning of the femoral nerves and part of the lumbar artery were visualized by ultrasound in some patients. As a result of the improvement of hip flexor spasticity, the range of hip joint motion (determined by the Mundale technique, prone hip extension and Thomas test) improved shortly after blocking. When physical therapy was conducted after blocking, improvement of skin care management was observed in eight cases, ability to keep in a stable sitting position in nine, improvement of a standing posture in three, increases in the ability to walk in two and alleviation of pain in three. Although nerve block is reported to result in hematoma, decreases in muscle force, pain, cystic/rectal disorders and hypogonadism, we have observed no such complication in our patients.
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PMID:Phenol block for hip flexor muscle spasticity under ultrasonic monitoring. 144 69

The application of a thin coating of hydroxylapatite to total hip implants has provided the opportunity to realize stable fixation of a press-fit prosthesis without a porous coating or an intervening fibrous tissue layer. This series consists of 436 total hip arthroplasties, of which 320 cases have a minimum two-year follow-up period and 142 cases have a minimum three-year follow-up period. The femoral prosthesis used was a roughened titanium alloy with a 50-microns surface treatment of hydroxylapatite applied to the proximal one third. The acetabular components implanted included porous-coated implants (132), hydroxylapatite-coated acetabular shells of varying geometries (285), and bipolar implants (16). Analysis of the clinical results demonstrates a mean Harris Hip Score of 93 at six-months postarthroplasty, 95 at one and two years, and 96 at three years. At the three-year follow-up evaluation, 4.2% of patients complained of mild to moderate pain in the operative limb, whereas only 2.2% at two years and 1.4% at three years complained of activity-related thigh pain. The femoral mechanical loosening rate representing stems revised for aseptic loosening (two) plus roentgenographically unstable stems (zero) is 0.46%. Three hydroxylapatite-coated acetabular cups (1%) have shown measurable migration at two years, but none have been revised for aseptic loosening. The roentgenographic evaluation provides evidence for excellent proximal femoral fixation with distal stress transfer. Radiolucencies typically occur around the uncoated distal tip of the femoral stem (74%), but rarely in the proximal hydroxylapatite-coated anterior (3%) and lateral (2%) zones. Femoral cancellous condensation characteristically is seen at the transition zone of hydroxylapatite coated-to-uncoated stems (86%), whereas up to 32% of cases show cortical hypertrophy at the medial distal stem. These roentgenographic changes are progressive from one through three years postoperatively.
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PMID:Hydroxylapatite-coated hip implants. Multicenter three-year clinical and roentgenographic results. 144 26

Osteoporosis is characterised by low bone mass, leading to an increased risk of fragility fracture, particularly in the femoral neck, vertebrae and radius. These fractures constitute a major public health problem in the Western world; the estimated annual cost to the health services of hip fracture alone is over 500 million pounds in the United Kingdom. Using population-based data from the USA, Cummings et al. have estimated that the lifetime risks of hip, vertebral and Colles' fractures in a 50 year old, white, postmenopausal woman are 16%, 32% and 15% respectively. Of these, vertebral fractures probably cause the most significant morbidity, since they occur at a younger age than hip fractures and may result in pain, deformity and disability for many years until death intervenes from other causes. Hip fractures occur most commonly in the eight and ninth decades of life and have a mortality at six months of around 15%, increased dependency occurring in the majority of survivors. Colles' fractures, although not usually associated with long-term morbidity, nevertheless cause considerable inconvenience and require hospital treatment.
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PMID:HRT and osteoporosis. 145 Aug 73

Serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25 hydroxyvitamin D(25OHD), 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), albumin, and ionized calcium were measured in 61 Chinese female patients with hip fracture and 61 control subjects. Hip fracture patients had low albumin, ionized calcium, and 250HD levels. Serum PTH and 1,25(OH)2D values were not different between the two groups. We conclude that although 250HD level in hip fracture patients is low, there is no evidence of secondary hyperparathyroidism, suggesting that the low 250HD levels may be a secondary phenomenon in response to the fracture.
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PMID:Serum intact parathyroid hormone levels in elderly Chinese females with hip fracture. 145 Oct 7


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