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Query: UNIPROT:P50502 (Hip)
 7,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In postmenopausal women, the nonpharmacological prevention of osteoporotic fractures pursues the dual objective of minimizing bone loss and preventing falls. In women with a low fracture risk, optimizing the dietary intake of calcium is the main nutritional goal. Regular sustained physical activity should be encouraged. In older women, the high risk of proximal femoral fractures warrants a number of preventive measures, including calcium and vitamin D supplementation, correction of protein deficiency if needed, and minimization of the risk of falls. Hip protectors may be useful in institutionalized women at high risk for falls. These nonpharmacological measures should be part of a comprehensive customized management program used to complement standard pharmacological therapy.
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PMID:Nonpharmacological prevention of osteoporotic fractures. 1466 52

This study evaluated the long-term efficacy of supplemental calcium and dairy products on bone mineral areal density of the hip and spine and on the bone geometry and volumetric bone mineral density of the forearm in young females during late adolescence. The study was conducted among participants of a randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial with calcium supplements and among participants of an observational study with higher consumption of dairy products. Hip and spine measurements by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were done every 6 mo (dairy group every 12 mo) during last 3 y of the follow-up while peripheral quantitative computerized tomography of the forearm was done at the last visit. The results of the study show a positive influence of calcium supplementation and dairy products on bone mineral density of the hip and the forearm. Dairy products were also associated with a higher bone mineral density of the spine while calcium supplementation did not have an effect. Calcium exerts its action on bone accretion during growth primarily by influencing volumetric bone mineral density while milk may have an additional impact on bone growth and periosteal bone expansion.
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PMID:Nutrition influences skeletal development from childhood to adulthood: a study of hip, spine, and forearm in adolescent females. 1498 71

Exercise during growth has a positive influence on bone mineral accrual, yet little is known about how bone geometry and strength adapt to loading during growth. Our primary objective was to compare changes in proximal femur bone geometry and strength between 31 prepubertal (Tanner Stage 1) boys who participated in a school-based, high-impact circuit intervention (12 min, three times a week) for 20 months and 33 maturity-matched controls. Our secondary objective was to compare changes in total body (TB), proximal femur (PF), and lumbar spine (LS) bone mineral content (BMC) and bone area (BA) in these groups. We assessed geometric variables and bone strength at the narrow neck (NN), intertrochanteric (TR) region, and femoral shaft regions by applying the Hip Structure Analysis program to proximal femur dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scans (DXA, Hologic QDR 4500). Further, we assessed total body, lumbar spine, and proximal femur BMC and BA by DXA and derived total body lean mass and fat mass from total body scans. Intervention (10.2 +/- 0.5 years) and control boys (10.1 +/- 0.5 years) had similar baseline height (140.8 vs. 141.3 cm) and weight (36.9 vs. 35.4 kg), and average 20-month physical activity scores (Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children, PAQ-C) and calcium intakes (861 vs. 852 mg/day, food frequency questionnaire). Twenty-month height and weight changes were not significantly different between groups; lean mass changed more (P < 0.05) in intervention boys (22.8%) than control boys (18.6%). At the NN region, intervention boys had greater bone expansion on both the periosteal (+2.6%, P = 0.1) and endosteal (+2.7%, P = 0.2) surfaces, resulting in significantly greater changes in section modulus (bone bending strength) (+7.5%, P = 0.02, ANCOVA, adjusting for height change, final Tanner Stage, and baseline bone values). Changes at the intertrochanteric and femoral shaft regions were not significantly different between groups. Femoral neck (FN) BMC changes were significantly greater in intervention boys (+4.3%, P < 0.01); changes in BA and BMC for other regions were not significantly different between groups. In summary, a school-based, high-impact exercise intervention implemented three times a week for 12 min is an effective strategy for site-specific gains in bone strength at the narrow neck region of the proximal femur.
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PMID:Bone mass and structure are enhanced following a 2-year randomized controlled trial of exercise in prepubertal boys. 1505 Sep 8

Hip fractures can have a significant detrimental effect on morbidity and mortality. Medical and nonmedical management approaches both may be used to help decrease the risk of hip fracture. Medical management includes the use of antiresorptive agents such as the bisphosphonates, calcium and vitamin D, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and anabolic agents such as parathyroid hormone, which strengthen bone. Nonmedical management includes fall prevention programs and hip protectors. Physicians caring for patients at risk for hip fracture should be cognizant of these management approaches to most effectively minimize fracture risk.
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PMID:Prevention of hip fractures: medical and nonmedical management. 1511 31

Arthropathy is a major clinical manifestation in primary hemochromatosis, typically affecting the metacarpophalangeal joints. Hip arthropathy is not uncommon, with radiologic features resembling osteoarthritis or calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition disease. We describe the MR imaging findings of the hip in a patient with severe hip arthropathy and primary hemochromatosis and correlate them with the histopathologic findings. MR imaging showed severe degenerative changes, with large subchondral cysts and subchondral sclerosis in the femoral head and acetabulum. There was conspicuous correlation between MR imaging and pathologic findings of the resected femoral head. However, MR imaging failed to reveal intra-articular iron.
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PMID:Hip arthropathy in a patient with primary hemochromatosis: MR imaging findings with pathologic correlation. 1531 82

Prevalence of osteoporosis is increasing with age. And it reached about 50% for women in their late seventies and about 20% for men of the same age. In Japan, osteoporosis population is estimated at over ten million people. Spine fracture is very common in the elderly, with a lifetime risk of 37% for Japanese women aged 50. Incidence of spine fracture increased at relatively early stages of old age. Hip fracture rapidly increases among those at ages over 70, with a lifetime risk of about 14% for women aged 50 and 10-year fracture probability of 3% and 10% for women aged 70 and those aged 80, respectively.
Clin Calcium 2004 Nov
PMID:[Epidemiology of osteoporosis and fracture]. 1557 52

Hip fracture directly resulted in bedridden state in the elderly. Both development of osteoporosis and contusion of greater trochanter by accidental fall are important causes for the fracture. Large-scale interventions with randomized controlled methods revealed that alendronate, risedronate, some estrogens and hip protector were effective for prevention of hip fractures in the elderly although newly administration of estrogens are not recommended due to their increasing effects for cardiovascular complications. This report gives an outline fo prevention of hip fracture in the elderly.
Clin Calcium 2003 Feb
PMID:[Prevention of hip fracture in the elderly]. 1577 77

In Japan, where the population is rapidly growing older, the prevention of hip fractures is becoming increasingly important. Although bisphosphonates were reported to prevent these fractures, their effectiveness was confirmed in relatively younger elderly patients. The prevention of hip fractures, the majority of which occur in older people, may not be achieved sufficiently only by bisphosphonates, and may require other measures including the use of a hip protector. Elderly people who tend to fall, nursing-home residents, and elderly patients who have already suffered from a hip fracture are considered to be good candidates for wearing hip protectors. The main mechanism of hip fractures is falling sideways over the trochanter. Hip protectors have been developed to attenuate the impact force on the trochanter that results from falling. There have been 6 randomized clinical trials and 4 of them confirmed the efficacy of hip protectors in preventing hip fractures. The other 2 reports did not show a statistically significant efficacy, but a large number of falls occurred without wearing hip protectors. The problem of the limited adherence with their use should be solved.
Clin Calcium 2003 Aug
PMID:[EBM of hip protectors]. 1577 86

Bone mass is a major determinant of fracture, but there have been few comprehensive studies of the correlates of bone mineral density (BMD) in older men. The objective of the current cross-sectional analysis was to determine the factors associated with BMD of the lumbar spine and proximal femur in a large population-based sample of older men enrolled in The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study, "Mr.OS." We enrolled 5,995 men 65 years of age or older, 89% Caucasian, in Mr.OS at six US clinical centers. Demographic, medical and family history and lifestyle information was obtained by interview and physical function and anthropometric data by examination. Spine and hip BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptimetry. The multivariable linear regression models predicted 19 and 10% of the overall variance in BMD of the femoral neck and spine, respectively. African-American men had 6 to 11% higher BMD than Caucasian men independent of multiple factors. Hip BMD declined with advancing age, while spine BMD increased. Body weight (per 10 kg) and self report of diabetes were each associated with 2 to 4% higher BMD, while history of a non-trauma fracture and current use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, but not other antidepressants, were associated with at least 4% lower BMD. Both maternal and paternal histories of fracture were associated with 1.4-1.7% lower BMD. Osteoarthritis, physical activity, grip strength, alcohol intake, and dietary calcium were positively related to BMD, while a history of chronic lung disease, prostate cancer, and kidney stones was associated with lower BMD. Smoking, caffeine intake, and thiazide diuretics were not related to BMD in older men. A number of lifestyle and behavioral characteristics and medical conditions were associated with BMD in older men. Identification of these correlates could improve methods to identify men at risk for fracture and improve our understanding of fracture etiology.
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PMID:Factors associated with the lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density in older men. 1588 16

Hip fractures are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Both fall prevention strategies and bone integrity/osteoporosis assessment should be addressed in this population. This study's goal was to evaluate the management of potential re-fracture risk after a hip fracture in an acute care setting. This was a retrospective chart review of patients who were admitted with a hip fracture over the course of one year to the Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus, Ottawa, Canada. The charts of 147 patients with hip fractures met the inclusion criteria. Use of sedatives on admission was significant (24.5%). Fifty (34%) had some form of osteoporosis management ordered during their hospital stay. The medication recommendations consisted of only 14% being prescribed Vitamin D and 15.6% being prescribed calcium supplementation. Merely 7 (4.8%) patients of the total sample were prescribed bisphosphonates at time of discharge. This study documents a significant care gap in re-fracture management at the time of acute hospitalization after an acute hip fracture. Interventions are required to increase the awareness that this problem is not being addressed at the time of hospitalization and that on discharge, patients will need follow-up by the treating community physician.
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PMID:Evaluation of in-hospital management of fracture risk in older patients: a chart review study of tertiary prevention. 1621 39


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