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Query: UNIPROT:P50502 (Hip)
 7,003 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A sporadic case of the rare and most severe neonatal form of nemaline myopathy is reported. Intrauterine manifestation included reduced fetal movements and breech position with a normal amount of amniotic fluid. After delivery by Caesarian section at 34 weeks of gestation the infant boy, who was not asphyctic, failed to establish spontaneous breathing and required immediate intubation and ventilation. Marked muscular hypotonia and weakness persisted and reflexes remained absent. Hip dislocation, joint contractures, absent palmar creases, prominent lateral palatal ridges and cryptorchidism were interpreted as consequent to prenatal paralysis. The boy died after 5 h due to hyaline membrane disease and meconium aspiration. At autopsy the skeletal muscles were found to be hypoplastic. The muscle fibres contained numerous rods, a typical finding of nemaline myopathy. Nemaline myopathy should be considered in fetuses and newborns with multiple joint contractures, severe muscular weakness and respiratory insufficiency.
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PMID:Neonatal nemaline myopathy presenting with multiple joint contractures. 241 8

Hip exercises are frequently prescribed following knee injury and subsequent surgery based on the assumption that hip weakness exists. No data, however, are available that support hip weakness following knee trauma or surgery. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare hip strength in patients after knee surgery. Twenty-seven patients who had undergone unilateral knee surgery were tested for hip flexor, extensor, abductor, and adductor isometric strength prior to initiation of rehabilitation. Multivariate analysis of variance revealed significant hip weakness in all four hip muscle groups of the surgical extremities (11.9-25.3%, p < or = 0.05) when compared with nonsurgical extremities. Both peak and endurance force were affected. The greatest percent difference between the surgical and nonsurgical extremity occurred for hip extension peak (25.3%) and endurance (22.6%) force development. We recommend assessment of hip strength following knee surgery and appropriate resistive exercises if weakness exists.
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PMID:Hip isometric strength following knee surgery. 795 Dec 93

Hip dysplasia was recently observed in association with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). We retrospectively reviewed available radiographs of 74 of 100 children with clinically and electrodiagnostically proven CMT and noted six cases of hip dysplasia. Minor hip abnormalities, most commonly increased neck shaft angles, were noted in 21 other patients. Type I usually causes more weakness and had more hip dysplasia than type II. A female predominance was noted but may have resulted from sampling of more immature radiographs in males. Most dysplasia was asymptomatic and was detected only on screening radiographs.
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PMID:Hip abnormalities in children with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. 811 73

The effectiveness of two epidural analgesic regimens on the ability to ambulate was compared in women in labor by a prospective, randomized, double-blind design. One group of patients received epidural fentanyl, a 75-micrograms bolus and an infusion of fentanyl 2.5 micrograms/mL at 15 mL/h (FENT, n = 53). A second group received ultra low-dose bupivacaine (0.04%), epinephrine (1.7 micrograms/mL), and fentanyl (1.7 micrograms/mL) (BEF, n = 77), a 15-mL bolus followed by an infusion at 15 mL/h. Adequate analgesia was rapidly obtained in 90.6% of patients in the FENT group and 92.2% of patients in the BEF group (P = 0.89). Seventy percent of patients in the FENT group ambulated versus 68% in the other group. The BEF mixture provided analgesia of longer duration (287 +/- 171 min versus 156 +/- 72 min, P = 0.0001). The number of patients delivering during administration of only their study drug (without needing higher doses of local anesthetics) was 52% for BEF and 21% for FENT (P = 0.0005). Hip flexion weakness precluding ambulation occurred in 17% (P = 0.002) of BEF patients and orthostatic hypotension in 9% (P = 0.08). Neither problem occurred in FENT patients. Neonatal outcome was similar in both groups. Approximately 70% of women receiving epidural analgesia with fentanyl or ultra low-dose bupivacaine, epinephrine, and fentanyl may ambulate safely during labor.
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PMID:Epidural anesthesia for labor in an ambulatory patient. 821 27

This case report describes the clinical reasoning used to manage chronic left hip pain in a 21-year-old woman who was recreationally active. The patient had a history of possible congenital hip dysplasia (CHD) and known recurrent lateral (external) patellar subluxations on the left side. She complained of experiencing hip pain when walking, sitting, playing soccer, and doing "step aerobics." Hip range of motion (ROM), muscle force, and joint stability problems were assessed. Abnormal movement patterns were observed during gait and step aerobics. Intervention was based on the working hypothesis that periarticular stiffness and muscle weakness from earlier trauma were superimposed on joint instability from CHD. Following intervention, the patient's hip ROM and muscle force improved concurrently with reduction of hip pain, increased ability to participate in recreational activities, and improvement in the movement pattern during step aerobics. An eclectic approach to analysis of the problem was used, combining data unique to the patient with knowledge of CHD and concepts proposed by Cyriax, Maitland, Sahrmann, and others. The clinical reasoning used to establish a basis for treatment and its limitations are discussed.
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PMID:Clinical reasoning in the evaluation and management of undiagnosed chronic hip pain in a young adult. 955 25

Strengthening of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) has been advocated as a treatment for patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), as weakness of this component of the quadriceps is postulated to contribute to malalignment of the patella. This study investigated the surface electromyographic activity (EMG) of the VMO relative to the vastus lateralis (VL) during five isometric exercises in eight PFPS female subjects and 19 controls. The area under the EMG curve of each muscle was normalized to the EMG area acquired while subjects performed a submaximal isometric contraction (50% of maximum voluntary contraction), and the "normalized" outcome measure was expressed as a proportion (VMO:VL). A two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance indicated no differences in the VMO:VL proportion between the control group and PFPS participants across the five exercises (p > .05). The VMO:VL proportions for medial tibial rotation and knee extension combined and knee extension alone were significantly greater than for the other three exercises (p < 0.005). Hip adduction or the combination of hip adduction and knee extension did not result in greater recruitment of the VMO compared with the VL.
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PMID:Comparison of five isometric exercises in the recruitment of the vastus medialis oblique in persons with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome. 951 65

Individuals who have multiple sclerosis (MS) typically experience problems with physical activities such as walking, resulting from the combined effects of skeletal muscle weakness, sensory disturbances, spasticity, gait ataxia, and reduction in aerobic capacity. The aim of this study was to determine whether a 6-mo exercise program designed for aerobic conditioning might also affect gait abnormalities in individuals with MS. Subjects included 18 individuals with MS who presented a range of disability. Passive range of motion (PROM) in the lower limbs was measured and gait analyzed before and after exercise conditioning. Three-dimensional kinematics, ground reaction forces (GRF), and electromyographic information were acquired as subjects walked at self-selected velocities. Hip PROM increased following conditioning. Mean walking velocity, cadence, and posterior shear GRF (push-off force) decreased. During walking, maximum ankle dorsiflexion decreased and ankle plantarflexion increased. Total knee flexion/extension range during the walking cycle decreased slightly as did maximum hip extension. Results suggest this 6-mo training program had minimal effect on gait abnormalities.
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PMID:Gait characteristics of individuals with multiple sclerosis before and after a 6-month aerobic training program. 1065 1

Hip deformities in walking patients with cerebral palsy are rare. Nineteen diplegic and four hemiplegic patients with unilateral hip subluxation were studied to determine whether or not characteristic gait patterns could be identified. All were examined clinically and radiologically as well as undergoing observational and instrumented three dimensional gait analysis. Twenty one of the patients compensated for the subluxation with an ipsilateral trunk lean and contralateral pelvic drop. These patterns were quantified in the kinematic and kinetic variables measured. We conclude that hip abductor weakness should be considered as the cause of the deformity.
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PMID:Hip deformities in walking patients with cerebral palsy. 1089 61

(1) Osteoporosis is one of several recognized causes of bone weakness in elderly women, and accounts for the high incidence of fractures. Hip fracture carries the highest rates of morbidity and mortality. (2) Bone density measurement in a given woman is not predictive of her individual risk of fracture. None of the recommendations we examined propose routine screening for osteoporosis by bone density measurement in all postmenopausal women. (3) Women at risk should be identified, so that they can benefit from detection and prevention. Detection is mainly based on clinical evidence. (4) Whatever the age and period of life, prevention of osteoporotic fractures in women is based on adequate supply of calcium (at least 1 g/day, mainly in the diet) and vitamin D, and on regular physical exercise and fall prevention. (5) Oestrogen therapy is the first-line drug-based prevention of osteoporotic fractures, despite worries about possible carcinogenicity. (6) Routine hormone replacement therapy for all women, starting at menopause, is not recommended. The decision should be made individually. (7) Before starting treatment, patients should be informed of the need for long-term compliance. (8) Consensus statements recommend hormone replacement therapy as secondary prevention for women having already had osteoporotic fractures, and as primary prevention for women at risk.
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PMID:Fracture prevention in elderly women: treatment of osteoporosis is one approach, together with physical exercise and fall prevention. 1091 24

We describe a novel autosomal dominant myopathy presenting in mid-adult life with tibialis anterior weakness. We carried out a detailed clinical assessment of 24 individuals spanning three generations, documenting pathologic features of the muscles in 7 of the 11 affected individuals, including an autopsy study on one case. The second generation of affected individuals presented at an earlier age, and the disease progressed more rapidly than in the first generation. Lung function tests revealed progressive global respiratory muscle weakness detectable from the time of presentation, with preferential diaphragmatic involvement in some cases. Hip girdle and shoulder girdle weakness appeared later in the disease course. We observed a striking correlation between the clinical and pathological features. Clinically unaffected muscles had minimal pathologic change. Fiber splitting, eosinophilic inclusions, and vacuoles with basophilic rims were seen in moderately affected muscles, and fat and fibrous connective tissue replaced muscle fibers in the severely involved muscles. The inclusions were Congophilic and reacted with antibodies to desmin, beta-amyloid, and phosphorylated tau protein. The disease was not linked to any of the known loci associated with distal myopathies, confirming that the disorder in this family is both genetically and phenotypically distinct.
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PMID:A novel autosomal dominant distal myopathy with early respiratory failure: clinico-pathologic characteristics and exclusion of linkage to candidate genetic loci. 1131 Jun 21


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