Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P47989 (xanthine oxidase)
 8,633 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Alterations in the activities of some enzymes in a freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis, have been examined in liver, kidney, intestine, ovary, gills, and muscles after exposure to 0.26 mg/liter of cadmium for 15, 30, and 60 days. The fish were hyperglycemic and hyperlactemic after 15 and 30 days of exposure. The liver and muscle glycogen content was depleted in the first two periods of exposure. In contrast, 60 days of cadmium treatment increased the glycogen content of the two tissues. Liver lactic acid level was elevated after 15 days. Muscle lactic acid content fell significantly after 15 and 60 days of exposure, but it was elevated after 30 days. Acid phosphatase activity was inhibited in liver, ovary, and gills but the enzyme activity increased in kidney and intestine. The activity of alkaline phosphatase decreased in liver, kidney, and intestine but elevation was recorded in ovary and muscles. In all three exposure periods, hexokinase activity of kidney and ovary was inhibited but the enzyme activity increased in intestine. Hexokinase showed elevation in liver, gills, and muscle after 15 and 30 days of exposure and inhibition after 60 days of exposure. The activity of xanthine oxidase decreased in liver and muscles and elevated in the rest of the tissues. Glutamate dehydrogenase fell significantly in intestine, ovary, and gills. In liver, kidney, and muscles the enzyme activity was elevated. Liver, intestine, gills, and muscles showed elevation in aminoacid oxidase activity. However, the enzyme activity was inhibited in kidney and in ovary.
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PMID:In vivo effects of cadmium on some enzyme activities in tissues of the freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. 383 54

The freshwater murrel, Channa punctatus, was exposed to a sublethal concentration of mercuric chloride (3 micrograms/liter) for 120 days and the following effects were examined: changes in the levels of glucose and lactic acid in blood and of glycogen and lactic acid in liver and muscles; rate of absorption of glucose from the intestine; and changes in the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase), hexokinase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), L-amino acid oxidase (AO), and xanthine oxidase (XO) in brain, gills, intestine, kidney, liver, and muscles. Mercury-treated fish were hypoglycemic and hypolactemic. The glycogen content of liver and muscles remained unaltered but the muscle lactic acid level decreased significantly. The rate of intestinal absorption of glucose was reduced significantly by exposure to mercury. G-6-Pase activity was decreased in all the tissues. Hexokinase activity also decreased in mercury-exposed fish but it was significant only in intestine, kidney, and liver. The activities of LDH, PDH, SDH, and MDH also were decreased significantly except LDH in brain and MDH in kidney where an insignificant decrease and an insignificant increase, respectively, were recorded. GDH and AO activities were elevated in most of the tissues except GDH in gills, and AO in gills and muscles where a decrease was observed. XO activity in brain, gills, and kidneys was significantly elevated, but no marked alteration was noted in other tissues.
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PMID:Effect of mercuric chloride on some biochemical and physiological parameters of the freshwater murrel, Channa punctatus. 608 7