Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P47989 (xanthine oxidase)
 8,633 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spectroscopic changes from a solution of the amphophile 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin in N,N-dimethylformamide using inputs of acid (HClaq) and base (KOBut) are interpreted as XOR and INHIBIT logic operations. The combination of these two operations gives rise to a device that acts as a molecular half-subtractor.
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PMID:Molecular logic: a half-subtractor based on tetraphenylporphyrin. 1622 Sep 32

Laboratories around the world have produced tens of thousands of mutant and transgenic zebrafish lines. As with mice, maintaining all of these valuable zebrafish genotypes is expensive, risky, and beyond the capacity of even the largest stock centers. Because reducing oxidative stress has become an important aspect of reducing the variability in mouse sperm cryopreservation, we examined whether antioxidants might improve cryopreservation of zebrafish sperm. Four experiments were conducted in this study. First, we used the xanthine-xanthine oxidase (X-XO) system to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). The X-XO system was capable of producing a stress reaction in zebrafish sperm reducing its sperm motility in a concentration dependent manner (P<0.05). Second, we examined X-XO and the impact of antioxidants on sperm viability, ROS and motility. Catalase (CAT) mitigated stress and maintained viability and sperm motility (P>0.05), whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and vitamin E did not (P<0.05). Third, we evaluated ROS in zebrafish spermatozoa during cryopreservation and its effect on viability and motility. Methanol (8%) reduced viability and sperm motility (P<0.05), but the addition of CAT mitigated these effects (P>0.05), producing a mean 2.0 to 2.9-fold increase in post-thaw motility. Fourth, we examined the effect of additional cryoprotectants and CAT on fresh sperm motility. Cryoprotectants, 8% methanol and 10% dimethylacetamide (DMA), reduced the motility over the control value (P<0.5), whereas 10% dimethylformamide (DMF) with or without CAT did not (P>0.05). Zebrafish sperm protocols should be modified to improve the reliability of the cryopreservation process, perhaps using a different cryoprotectant. Regardless, the simple addition of CAT to present-day procedures will significantly improve this process, assuring increased and less variable fertilization success and allowing resource managers to dependably plan how many straws are needed to safely cryopreserve a genetic line.
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PMID:Oxidative stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio) sperm. 2272 13

An ester terminated dihydroimidazonaphthalimide as multi-functional logic device is presented. Due to the optical changes as a function of pH this simple molecule is able to act as a molecular pH metre, a digital comparator and a half-adder. It was demonstrated that the dihydroimidazonaphthalimide comparator could be used as a fundamental element of an optical device for control of pH windows. Also, the ability of the device to detect metal ions in DMF and in water/DMF (3:1, v/v) at different pHs has been evaluated by monitoring the changes of its fluorescence intensity. Among the tested metal ions (Cd(2+), Co(2+), Cu(2+), Fe(3+), Ni(2+), Pb(2+), Zn(2+), Bi(3+), Hg(2+) and Ag(+)) only Fe(3+) and Bi(3+) were efficiently detected. In water/DMF (3:1, v/v) XOR and XNOR logic gates are presented using pH and Fe(3+) as chemical inputs based on encoding binary digits of logical conventions.
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PMID:Sensor activity and logic behaviour of PET based dihydroimidazonaphthalimide diester. 2284 31

In this study, two novel phthalocyanine complexes were synthesized using their corresponding metal salts and 4-(4-(3-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acryloyl)phenoxy)phthalo-nitrile as chalcone ligand (4), which was prepared from the reaction of 4-nitrophthalonitrile with 4-hydroxyphenyl-3-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (3). These metallophthalocyanines showed good solubility in organic solvents such as CDCl3, DCM, THF, DMF, and DMSO. The novel phthalocyanine compounds 4a (Pc-Zn) and 4b (Pc-Co) were characterized using their UV-vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MALDI-TOF mass spectra and elemental analysis. Then the DNA-binding and xanthine oxidase and carbonic anhydrase-I inhibition properties of compounds 4a and 4b were investigated. Photochemical properties (such as singlet oxygen generation and photodegradation) of this novel chalcone phthalocyanine (4a) were determined in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
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PMID:DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, and photochemical properties of chalcone-containing metallophthalocyanine compounds. 3011 87