Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
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Enzyme
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Query: UNIPROT:P47989 (
xanthine oxidase
)
8,633
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Superoxide anion (SOA) as a member of reactive oxygen species (ROS) group is involved in various physiological and pathological states. For instance, generation of SOA is known to increase with skeletal muscle contractile activity and fatigue. It is therefore important to selectively detect and accurately quantify the release of SOA within both physiological and pathological levels. We report fabrication and characterization of a cytochrome-c functionalized SOA biosensor built on commercially available miniaturized screen-printed electrodes made of gold microspheres. The device was first tested and calibrated in a xanthine/
xanthine oxidase
(XOD) system and then employed to detect SOA release from C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes upon stimulation with
PMA
.
...
PMID:An electrochemical biosensor based on gold microspheres and nanoporous gold for real-time detection of superoxide anion in skeletal muscle tissue. 2673 39
This study aimed to investigate the unique antioxidative effects of Japanese moringa products, herbal leaf tea and stem tea, using established free radical assays, focusing on superoxide anion (O
2
-
) radical generation systems. Hot-water extracts from moringa teas resulted in different but lower scavenging activities than Trolox in four synthetic free radical models. Interestingly, these extracts further showed higher O
2
-
radical scavenging effects than Trolox in the phenazine methosulfate-NADH-nitroblue tetrazolium and
xanthine oxidase
assay systems. Incubating human neutrophils in the presence of these tea extracts rather than Trolox effectively suppressed cellular O
2
-
radical generation. Among the eight known phenolic constituents of moringa leaves, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid may be responsible for the O
2
-
specific radical scavenging capacity stronger than that of Trolox. These results suggest that moringa herbal teas are a good source of natural antioxidants for preventing O
2
-
radical-mediated disorders. Abbreviations: O
2
-
: superoxide anion; ROS: reactive oxygen species; H
2
O
2
: hydrogen peroxide; XOD:
xanthine oxidase
; DPPH: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; ABTS
+
: 2,2'-azinobis(2-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) cation; CPZ
+
: chlorpromazine cation; PMS: phenazine methosulfate; NBT: nitroblue tetrazolium;
PMA
: phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.
...
PMID:Unique antioxidant effects of herbal leaf tea and stem tea from Moringa oleifera L. especially on superoxide anion radical generation systems. 2999 53
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