Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P47989 (xanthine oxidase)
 8,633 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pharmacological mechanisms of benzydamine (Tantum) are studied which are of relevance for the antiinflammatory properties of this non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID). Benzydamine most effectively inhibits the generation of reactive oxygen species by murine neutrophils (IC50 1.7 X 10(-5) mol/l). Piroxicam, indomethacin and acetylsalicylic acid are ineffective. Benzydamine, however, does not interfere with xanthine oxidase-dependent superoxide anion radical formation or epinephrine oxidation. The other tested NSAID are as well inactive. The findings confirm the missing cyclooxygenase inhibition of benzydamine (IC50 greater than 10(-3) mol/l), contrary to the other NSAID which are strong (indomethacin IC50 6 X 10(-8) mol/l; piroxicam IC50 2 X 10(-7) mol/l) or moderate cyclooxygenase inhibitors (acetylsalicylic acid IC50 10(-5) mol/l). LTB4 generation via the lipoxygenase is only inhibited by indomethacin (EC50 3.6 X 10(-5) mol/l). Benzydamine appears unique among other NSAID by its relatively strong interference with the generation of reactive oxygen radicals and the lack of cyclooxygenase inhibition.
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PMID:[The effect of benzydamine on the generation and interaction of reactive oxygen species and cyclo- and lipoxygenase]. 304 20

Free reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during cell respiration and by various metabolic processes, after reoxigenation of infarctions and to a large extent by activated phagocytes. In- and extracellular physiologic radical scavengers control the multiple reactions of ROS to prevent the generation of the highly damaging hydroxyl radical (OH). ROS damage after reoxigenation of an infarct can be reduced by employing the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol. ROS generated by activated phagocytes are both defensive and noxious. ROS reduction is achieved by applying physiologic radical scavengers as the superoxide dismutase, which are of therapeutic interest for the treatment of inflammatory joint and vascular diseases and the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Known drugs e.g. benzydamine (Tantum) are increasingly recognized to act via ROS mediated mechanisms and a ROS-targeted pharmacological research appears now possible.
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PMID:[Pathophysiology and pharmacology of reactive oxygen species in inflammation]. 361 80