Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UNIPROT:P46098 (5-HT3 receptor)
 2,290 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

CRF is produced in the Leydig cells and acts as a negative autocrine regulator of Leydig cell function. To clarify the hormonal control of CRF secretion by Leydig cells, we evaluated the participation of serotonin (5HT) and serotonin agonists in the release of CRF from Leydig cells and their effects on hCG-induced cAMP generation and steroidogenesis. Serotonin stimulated CRF secretion up to 4-fold above basal levels and inhibited basal and hCG-stimulated cAMP generation and testosterone production (ID50, 1 nM). The inhibitory action of 5HT was prevented by a CRF antibody and the alpha-helical CRF-(9-41) antagonist. The selective 5HT2 receptor agonist (+-)1-[2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophyryl]2-amino propane hydrochloride (DOI) also stimulated CRF secretion and inhibited hCG-stimulated cAMP generation and testosterone production to control levels (ID50, 7 microM). Serotonergic 5HT1A, 5HT1B/1C, 5HT1D, and 5HT3/5HT2 agonists were less effective inhibitors of hCG-stimulated cAMP and testosterone production, while agonists for the 5HT3 receptor had no effect. [125I]DOI binding studies in Leydig cells demonstrated two sets of receptors with Kd values in the nanomolar and micromolar range, with low and high capacities, respectively. The low affinity site differed from that of brain receptors (Kd, 4.2 nM) and displayed higher binding capacity (50-fold). The selective 5HT2 receptor antagonist ketanserin prevented CRF stimulation and blocked the inhibitory actions of 5HT and DOI, while the alpha 1-adrenergic antagonist prazosin had no effect. Also, treatment of cells with ketanserin increased sensitivity to hCG and raised maximal cAMP and testosterone production. 5HT was a more effective stimulus than hCG in stimulating CRF secretion, and gonadotropin-induced CRF release was inhibited by ketanserin. Inhibitory effects of exogenous CRF were demonstrable after blockade of 5HT action by ketanserin. The inhibitory actions of 5HT were unaffected by pertussis and cholera toxins and were reversed by the addition of 8-bromo-cAMP. These results demonstrate that 5HT acts on 5HT2 receptors in Leydig cells that are distinct from those in the brain to stimulate CRF secretion through a pertussis toxin-insensitive G-protein. This action of 5HT is predominantly mediated by the low affinity 5HT2-binding site and requires full occupancy for maximal CRF stimulation, indicating the absence of spare receptors. 5HT-stimulated CRF inhibits basal and hCG-induced cAMP generation and steroidogenesis. Furthermore, 5HT mediates the stimulatory action of LH/hCG on CRF secretion from Leydig cells and, thus, participates in a negative autoregulatory loop to limit the testosterone response to the gonadotropic stimulus.
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PMID:Regulation of corticotropin-releasing factor secretion from Leydig cells by serotonin. 131 25

The function of serotonin (5-HT)3 receptors on colonic transit was investigated in unanesthetized rats. The colonic transit was accelerated by 5-HT (10 mg/kg, s.c.), 2-methyl-5-HT (30 mg/kg, s.c.), neostigmine (0.03-0.1 mg/kg, s.c.), corticotropin releasing factor (CRF; 1 microgram intracerebroventricular administration) and restraint stress (for 45 minutes). A potent and selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, azasetron (+/-)-N-(1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl)-6-chloro- 4-methyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazine-8-carboxamide monohydrochloride ; 0.01-10 mg/kg, p.o. inhibited the 5-HT-, CRF- and stress-accelerated colonic transit in a dose-dependent manner. Ondansetron (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and granisetron (1 mg/kg, p.o) also inhibited the stress-accelerated colonic transit, but azasetron was more effective than these two drugs. Atropine methylbromide (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) and tetrodotoxin (0.01 mg/kg, s.c.) inhibited the accelerated colonic transit under stress conditions, but methysergide (10 mg/kg, s.c.), SDZ205-557 (10 mg/kg, s.c.), domperidone (30 mg/kg, p.o.), trimebutine (300 mg/kg, p.o.), did not. Azasetron (10 micrograms) administered intracerebroventricularly did not inhibit the stress-induced acceleration. These results suggest that endogenous 5-HT which is released through stress accelerates the colonic transit via the 5-HT3 receptors and finally a cholinergic mechanism. It is considered that azasetron inhibits colonic transit particularly under stress conditions through the blockade of the peripheral 5-HT3 receptors. Azasetron may improve bowel function in stress-related colonic dysfunction like irritable bowel syndrome.
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PMID:The function of 5-HT3 receptors on colonic transit in rats. 865 66

It seems that psychopharmacology may be well on its way toward the goal of developing new anxiolytic drug(s) that are fast acting and free from the unwanted effects associated with the traditional benzodiazepines. Several specific candidates exist, based upon rational targeting of neurotransmitter receptors shown to be linked to the neurobiology of anxiety. Thus, partial agonists at the benzodiazepine receptor, such as alpidem, abecarnil, and bretazenil, have highly promising preclinical profiles, and some useful preliminary results in clinical testing of anxiety disorder subjects. Neurosteroids are another interesting set of pharmacologic agents that target the benzodiazepine receptor, have a preclinical anxiolytic profile, and now need to be tested in clinical populations. Targeting of various serotonin (5HT) receptor subtypes is a very active area of current research for novel anxiolytic agents. 5HT3 antagonists may have an anxiolytic profile, but clinical results are still preliminary and need more validation. Of considerable interest is the idea of developing new drugs that act at 5HT1A, 5HT2A, or 5HT2C receptors. It has even been proposed that simultaneous targeting of both 5HT2A and 5HT1A receptors could result in robust anxiolytic agents that will have more immediate onset of action than currently available 5HT1A receptor acting drugs. Neuropeptide receptor agonists and antagonists with anxiolytic properties may represent one of the most striking new classes of potential anxiolytic drugs, but this is an emerging field that still requires considerably more systematic clinical testing. Nevertheless, preclinical studies as well as early clinical studies suggest that at least three neuropeptide receptors are provocative targets for novel anxiolytic agents: namely antagonists for CCK-B receptors, antagonists for CRF receptors, and agonists for neuropeptide Y receptors. Rational development of new pharmacologic agents based upon targeting receptors for those neurotransmitters that regulate the neurobiology of anxiety promises to bring forth a number of exciting therapeutic agents for the treatment of anxiety disorders in the future.
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PMID:Future directions in anxiolytic pharmacotherapy. 874 88