Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P43146 (tumour suppressor)
 5,935 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

14-3-3 sigma:, a target gene of the p53 tumour suppressor protein, has been shown to regulate the cell cycle at the G2/M checkpoint. Recent studies have demonstrated that 14-3-3 sigma is downregulated by hypermethylation of the CpG island in several types of cancer. In this study, we investigated the expression and methylation status of 14-3-3 sigma in human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the positive expression rate of 14-3-3 sigma in ACC (one out of 14) was markedly lower than that in MEC (ten out of 10). Since most of the ACCs carried the wild-type p53 protein, downregulation of 14-3-3 sigma in ACC may not be due to the dysfunction of p53 pathway. Microdissection-methylation-specific PCR revealed that frequent hypermethylation of the 14-3-3 sigma gene was observed in ACC when compared to that in MEC. In cultured-ACC cells, we confirmed the downregulation of 14-3-3 sigma via hemimethylation of the gene by sequencing analysis after sodium bisulphite treatment. Furthermore, re-expression of 14-3-3 sigma in the ACC cells was induced by the treatment with DNA demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Irradiation apparently induced the enhanced expression of 14-3-3 sigma and G2/M arrest in normal salivary gland cells; however, in the ACC cells, neither induction of 14-3-3 sigma nor G2/M arrest was induced by irradiation. These results suggest that downregulation of 14-3-3 sigma might play critical roles in the neoplastic development and radiosensitivity of ACC.
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PMID:Frequent downregulation of 14-3-3 sigma protein and hypermethylation of 14-3-3 sigma gene in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. 1529 43

The 14-3-3 sigma protein, also called stratifin, belongs to the highly conserved family of 14-3-3 acid proteins, which are involved in the modulation of diverse signal transduction pathways. Loss of 14-3-3 sigma expression has been observed in several types of human cancers, suggesting that it may have a role as a tumour suppressor gene. The 14-3-3 sigma protein has been localised in normal human tissues exclusively in various epithelial cell types. The aim of the study was to investigate the expression and the distribution pattern of 14-3-3 sigma by immunohistochemical analysis in normal canine tissues. Immunohistochemical expression of 14-3-3 sigma was demonstrated in several normal canine tissues with some minor differences of distribution pattern compared with human tissues. It appears that 14-3-3 sigma is a very specific epithelial cell marker in normal canine tissues.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical localisation of 14-3-3 sigma protein in normal canine tissues. 1954 12