Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P43146 (tumour suppressor)
 5,935 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mortality connected with tobacco smoke-associated laryngeal cancer in Poland markedly exceeds the relevant epidemiological data from other European countries. The main groups of genotoxic agents considered as potential carcinogens present in tobacco smoke are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic amines, N-nitrosoamines and reactive oxygen species. Aromatic DNA adducts, N7-alkylated guanosines and oxidative DNA damage derived from tobacco smoke exposure were detected in laryngeal and oral (tumour and non-tumour) biopsies, and white blood cells of cancer subjects. Further, DNA lesions were analysed to estimate the significance of such confounders as intensity of smoking, subject's sex, age, topography of larynx, cancer staging and genetic factor. The number of cigarettes smoked per day was found to be the main determinant of an individual's DNA adduct level. The occurrence of DNA lesions was established as a reliable marker of former exposure to tobacco smoke genotoxicants. On the other hand, a comparison of DNA lesion levels in various regions of larynx indicates limited usefulness of DNA adduct analysis as an estimate of cancer risk. For a better risk estimation one has to take into account DNA lesions in proto-oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes and the efficacy of DNA repair. Altogether, DNA adducts formation and removal has to be considered as a single stage in the multistep carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Carcinogen: DNA adducts in tobacco smoke-associated cancer of the upper respiratory tract. 1054 29

The prognostic value of the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 and the p53 tumour suppressor gene was examined using immunohistochemistry in 60 patients with laryngeal cancer. Multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard method, showed that p21 expression (P = 0.02) and advanced T stage (P = 0.003) significantly predicted survival. It was concluded that p21 expression may be a useful prognostic indicator in laryngeal cancer.
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PMID:Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1) and p53 tumour suppressor gene in laryngeal cancer. 1076 33

Tumour growth and its progression to a metastatic phenotype involves a serious of genetic events with abnormal activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumour suppressor genes and others genes connected with proliferation, apoptosis and neovascularisation. The aims of the study were to determine the possible prognostic value of angiogenesis, proliferation index Ki67, p53 and bcl-2 proteins expression in patients with laryngeal cancer. The group of 151 patients with laryngeal cancer, surgically treated with minimum 5 years observation, was multi-variously analysed. Paraffin--embedded tissue sections from each case were stained with a monoclonal antibody raised against FVIII antigen, p53 and bcl-2 proteins and Ki67 proliferation antigen using a peroxidase labelled streptavidin--biotin kit in standard immunohistochemistry techniques. In univariate analysis: staging IV, tumour size T4, nodal metastasis N2 and N3, local and nodal recurrences, high expression of Ki67 and P53, high (over median) IA measured as number of microvessels with FVIII expression were significantly associated with shortened overall survival. Disease-free survival was related to: proliferation index Ki67, expression of P53 protein and angiogenesis measured as microvessels density with expression of FVIII antigen. In multivariate analysis the most important death risk factors for overall survival were: tumour size, nodal metastasis, local and nodal recurrences, P53 protein expression and IA measured as number of microvessels with FVIII expression. In multivariate analysis of disease-free survival only P53 protein expression, proliferative index Ki67 and expression of FVIII had independent prognostic value. Intensity of angiogenesis, proliferation index of Ki67 antigen and expression of P53 protein were independent predictors of patients with laryngeal cancer outcome. In contrary Bcl2 protein seems to be useless in these patients.
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PMID:[Survival of patients with laryngeal cancer and some prognostic factors]. 1452 74

The p16INK4a gene, localized within chromosome 9p21, has been identified as a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor and may negatively regulate the cell cycle acting as a tumour suppressor. Genetic alterations involving the 9p21 region are common in human cancers. Our purpose was to investigate 9p21 LOH and expression of p16 protein and their possible prognostic value in laryngeal cancer. PCR-based techniques were used for investigating 9p21 LOH and immunohistochemical methods for p16 protein expression. 9p21 LOH was detected in 10/41 (24.4%) informative tumours and p16 protein in 11/41 (26.8%). By univariate analysis 9p21 LOH proved to be significantly related to overall survival whereas expression of p16 protein was related with quicker relapse. Analysis of 9p21 LOH enables the assessment of biology of laryngeal cancer and it is a prognostic factor of overall survival. A p16 protein has a prognostic value in assessment of disease free survival in those patients. Although clinical impact of gene and protein p16 in laryngeal cancer is still unclear.
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PMID:[Expression of p16 gene and protein in the evaluation of dynamics of laryngeal cancer growth]. 1510 Dec 77

ARLTS1--a member of ADP-ribosylation factor family, is a newly described candidate tumour suppressor gene. Recent studies show that a nonsense polymorphism, G446A (Trp149Stop), in ARLTS1 gene is significantly more frequent in familial cancer cases than in sporadic cancer cases. This study presents analysis of the germ-line G446A polymorphism in the ARLTS1 gene among 1686 consecutively collected patients with breast cancer, prostate cancer, malignant melanoma, thyroid papillary cancer or laryngeal cancer in Poland. The G446A allele was present in 1.81% (9/497) breast cancer patients, 1.46% (5/343) prostate cancer patients, 1.76% (7/397) melanoma patients, 1.65% (3/182) thyroid papillary carcinoma patients and 2.68% (8/299) of laryngeal cancer patients. The frequency of this polymorphism in the control group was 1.45% (8/552). Differences in the frequency of the G446A polymorphism between case and control groups were not statistically significant. In addition, there was no significant difference in the number of Cancer Familial Aggregations (CFA) among breast, prostate, thyroid or laryngeal cancer cases harbouring the G446A polymorphism, when compared to the G446A negative cases. Interestingly out of the CFA melanoma cases, 4/6 (66.6%) were found to harbour the change compared to only 20.2% (69/341) sporadic melanoma cases. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.02, OR = 7.8). The results of this study suggest that the G446A in ARLTS1 gene is probably not associated with an increased risk of sporadic breast cancer, prostate cancer, melanoma, thyroid papillary cancer or laryngeal cancer. Moreover, the G446A polymorphism is not significantly more frequent in CFA cases except for families in which the proband had melanoma. To confirm this result more cases of melanoma should be analysed.
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PMID:Cancer Familial Aggregation (CFA) and G446A polymorphism in ARLTS1 gene. 1657 Jan 16

We have examined 48 squamous cell cancers of the larynx for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability at chromosome 9p near the p16 tumour suppressor locus, at chromosome 17p at the p53 tumour suppressor locus, and at 17p at another microsatellite locus (D17S520). In p53 LOH was higher (33-45%) than in D17S520 (21%). Near the p16 locus LOH varied from 28-38%. Replication errors were found from at least one locus in 23% of the patients. These data suggest that p53 is an important gene in laryngeal cancer while loci around p16 appear less likely candidates.
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PMID:Loss of heterozygosity and microsatellite instability in larynx cancer. 2153 68