Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UNIPROT:P43146 (tumour suppressor)
 5,935 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The vast majority of invasive breast tumors are ductal and lobular breast carcinomas. Despite the many similarities, some clinical follow-up data and the patterns of metastases suggest that these histological subtypes of breast cancer are biologically distinct. Few papers, however, describe immunohistochemical markers useful for differentiation of these carcinomas. Many investigations suggest that E cadherin protein expression is lost in lobular but not in ductal carcinoma. The absence of E-CD, as a partial loss of epithelial differentiation, may account for the extended spread of lobular carcinoma in situ and the peculiar diffuse invasion mode of invasive lobular carcinoma. Some investigations report the significance of E-CD associated proteins alpha-, beta-, gamma-catenin expression, as well as the usefulness of cytokeratins 5, 6, 8, 7 and thrombospondin in differentiating histological types of breast invasive carcinomas. Several reports have suggested the possibility that invasive ductal and lobular cancers differ with respect to expression of antigens involved in proliferation and cell cycle regulation. It has been shown that vascular endothelial growth factor expression, also the expression of maspin, a tumour suppressor gene product, is higher in ductal, than in lobular carcinoma. Expression of NKX3.1, a member of the NK-class of homeodomain, is highly restricted and is found primarily in lobular carcinoma. Some histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of pleomorphic lobular carcinoma are also discussed.
 ...
PMID:Differentiation of tumours of ductal and lobular origin: I. Proteomics of invasive ductal and lobular breast carcinomas. 1617 Mar 89

Nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) is a transmembrane glycoprotein without intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity, whose expression is not restricted to neural cells. NGFR is reported to act as a tumour suppressor, negatively regulating cell growth and proliferation. NGFR expression was immunohistochemically analysed in normal breast tissue and in 140 benign, biphasic and preinvasive breast lesions, in 22 tumours with myoepithelial differentiation and in two cohorts of breast cancer patients: a series of 245 invasive breast carcinomas studied with tissue microarrays and 37 high-grade invasive ductal carcinomas with basal-like immunophenotype. NGFR consistently displayed membrane reactivity in myoepithelial cells arranged as a continuous layer around normal ducts and lobular units, intralobular fibroblasts, vascular adventitia and nerve bundles. Myoepithelial cells of benign proliferations and pre-invasive lesions were consistently positive for NGFR. Scattered NGFR-positive cells were observed in solid areas of six out of nine cases of hyperplasia of usual type, whereas in flat atypia, lobular carcinoma in situ and virtually all cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (97.5%), NGFR was restricted to the myoepithelial layer. Positivity for NGFR was observed in 11 out of 245 (4.5%) breast carcinomas, nine out of 20 (45%) metaplastic breast carcinomas and 14 out of 37 (38%) basal-like breast carcinomas. NGFR expression in invasive tumours significantly correlated with that of cytokeratins 5/6 (P<0.05), 14 (P<0.0001) and 17 (P<0.0005) and EGFR (P<0.0001) and displayed an inverse correlation with oestrogen and progesterone receptors (both, P<0.0001). NGFR showed a statistically significant association with longer disease-free (P<0.05) and overall survival (P<0.01) in the cohort of patients with basal-like carcinomas. This study demonstrates the usefulness of NGFR as a new adjunct marker to identify myoepithelial cells in preinvasive lesions and myoepithelial differentiation in breast carcinomas. Furthermore, provisional data in a small number of basal-like breast carcinomas suggest that NGFR may identify a subgroup of basal-like breast carcinomas with good prognosis.
 ...
PMID:Distribution and significance of nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR/p75NTR) in normal, benign and malignant breast tissue. 1642 97