Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UNIPROT:P43026 (
lipopolysaccharide
)
62,215
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Phospholipase D4
(
PLD4
) is a recently identified protein that is mainly expressed in the ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1)-positive microglia in the early postnatal mouse cerebellar white matter. Unlike PLD1 and PLD2,
PLD4
exhibits no enzymatic activity for conversion of phosphatidylcholine into choline and phosphatidic acid, and its function is completely unknown. In the present study, we examined the distribution of
PLD4
in mouse cerebellar white matter during development and under pathological conditions. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that
PLD4
expression was associated with microglial activation under such two different circumstances. A primary cultured microglia and microglial cell line (MG6) showed that
PLD4
was mainly present in the nucleus, except the nucleolus, and expression of
PLD4
was upregulated by
lipopolysaccharide
(
LPS
) stimulation. In the analysis of phagocytosis of
LPS
-stimulated microglia,
PLD4
was co-localized with phagosomes that contained BioParticles. Inhibition of
PLD4
expression using
PLD4
specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) in MG6 cells significantly reduced the ratio of phagocytotic cell numbers. These results suggest that the increased
PLD4
in the activation process is involved in phagocytosis of activated microglia in the developmental stages and pathological conditions of white matter.
...
PMID:PLD$ is involved in phagocytosis of microglia: expression and localization changes of PLD4 are correlated with activation state of microglia. 2210 6
